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<p>The dynamic shear modulus and damping ratio of gravelly soils are essential parameters for the dynamic analysis of large geotechnical structures such as high rockfill dams. However, due to the laboratory equipment size constraints, the model parameters obtained from the tests could not truly reflect the deformation characteristics of the dam material. In this study, a series of cyclic triaxial tests were conducted using a newly developed super-large-scale dynamic triaxial apparatus (with a maximum particle size of 200&#xa0;mm) and conventional dynamic triaxial apparatuses (with a maximum particle size <i>d</i><sub>max</sub> of 60&#xa0;mm and 20&#xa0;mm) to investigate the effect of particle size on the dynamic properties of gravelly soils. The results indicated that the dynamic shear modulus <i>G</i><sub>d</sub>, normalized shear modulus <i>G</i><sub>d</sub>/<i>G</i><sub>max</sub>, and damping ratio <i>λ</i> of gravelly soils exhibit a pronounced dependence on <i>d</i><sub>max</sub>. Under the same confining pressure, the maximum shear modulus <i>G</i><sub>max</sub> increases with increasing particle size. For a given dynamic shear strain, <i>G</i><sub>d</sub>/<i>G</i><sub>max</sub> decreases as particle size increases, whereas the damping ratio increases with particle size. Based on the test results for different <i>d</i><sub>max</sub> values, this study proposed particle size-related empirical formulas for <i>G</i><sub>max</sub>, <i>G</i><sub>d</sub>/<i>G</i><sub>max</sub>, and <i>λ</i>. These new findings on size effects provide an important experimental foundation and theoretical basis for deformation predictions in engineering projects.</p>

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Super-large-scale triaxial tests to study the effect of particle size on dynamic characteristics of gravelly soils

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月24日

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  • Fanwei Ning,
  • Degao Zou,
  • Gengyao Cui,
  • Jingmao Liu,
  • Duo Li,
  • Yongkui Fu

摘要

The dynamic shear modulus and damping ratio of gravelly soils are essential parameters for the dynamic analysis of large geotechnical structures such as high rockfill dams. However, due to the laboratory equipment size constraints, the model parameters obtained from the tests could not truly reflect the deformation characteristics of the dam material. In this study, a series of cyclic triaxial tests were conducted using a newly developed super-large-scale dynamic triaxial apparatus (with a maximum particle size of 200 mm) and conventional dynamic triaxial apparatuses (with a maximum particle size dmax of 60 mm and 20 mm) to investigate the effect of particle size on the dynamic properties of gravelly soils. The results indicated that the dynamic shear modulus Gd, normalized shear modulus Gd/Gmax, and damping ratio λ of gravelly soils exhibit a pronounced dependence on dmax. Under the same confining pressure, the maximum shear modulus Gmax increases with increasing particle size. For a given dynamic shear strain, Gd/Gmax decreases as particle size increases, whereas the damping ratio increases with particle size. Based on the test results for different dmax values, this study proposed particle size-related empirical formulas for Gmax, Gd/Gmax, and λ. These new findings on size effects provide an important experimental foundation and theoretical basis for deformation predictions in engineering projects.