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<p>The failure of high-steep dangerous rock masses (HDRMs) on the banks of reservoirs can generate tsunami, often leading to catastrophic consequences, which are far more destructive than the HDRMs themselves. This paper examines Shennvfeng HDRM (SHDRM) as a case study, initially obtaining its basic characteristics, environmental features, geostructures, and spatial distribution of HDRMs through a combination of detailed field investigation, high-definition UAV nap-of-the-object photogrammetry, trench, and other methods. Subsequently, the study focused on the clearly demarcated W1 HDRM, analyzing its slope top unloading characteristics, slope surface deformation features, and possible failure mode. It was discovered that the horizontal displacement, vertical displacement, and slip displacement of W1 HDRM’s sliding surface composed of fault plane largely coincide in geometric characteristics. This suggests that W1 HDRM is likely to undergo a potential failure mode of progressive release slip along the plane, extending from the anterior rock body. Finally, the study uses the granular flow model in the Flow3D software to assess the risk of tsunami generation and propagation following W1 HDRM’s potential instability. Based on the monitoring of the free surface elevation at the Qingshi Hydrological Station, Qingshi Village, and Qingshi Wharf at water levels of 145&#xa0;m and 175&#xa0;m, the results showed that they were all over 2&#xa0;m and were all classified as extremely high-risk areas. Consequently, it is crucial to implement engineering measures to mitigate the risk posed by these HDRMs and to enhance professional monitoring and warning systems to provide pre-warnings for passing vessels. The insights from this study contribute to the understanding of rockslide-tsunami disaster risks in the Three Gorges Reservoir area and similar settings worldwide.</p>

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Geostructures, dynamics and risk assessment on rockfall fragmentation flow at the Wuxia Gorge, the Three Gorges Reservoir, China

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月13日

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  • Baoguo Yin,
  • Yueping Yin,
  • Zhihua Zhang,
  • Xuebing Wang,
  • Zhiqiang Yi,
  • Lei Pu,
  • Qifeng Zhang

摘要

The failure of high-steep dangerous rock masses (HDRMs) on the banks of reservoirs can generate tsunami, often leading to catastrophic consequences, which are far more destructive than the HDRMs themselves. This paper examines Shennvfeng HDRM (SHDRM) as a case study, initially obtaining its basic characteristics, environmental features, geostructures, and spatial distribution of HDRMs through a combination of detailed field investigation, high-definition UAV nap-of-the-object photogrammetry, trench, and other methods. Subsequently, the study focused on the clearly demarcated W1 HDRM, analyzing its slope top unloading characteristics, slope surface deformation features, and possible failure mode. It was discovered that the horizontal displacement, vertical displacement, and slip displacement of W1 HDRM’s sliding surface composed of fault plane largely coincide in geometric characteristics. This suggests that W1 HDRM is likely to undergo a potential failure mode of progressive release slip along the plane, extending from the anterior rock body. Finally, the study uses the granular flow model in the Flow3D software to assess the risk of tsunami generation and propagation following W1 HDRM’s potential instability. Based on the monitoring of the free surface elevation at the Qingshi Hydrological Station, Qingshi Village, and Qingshi Wharf at water levels of 145 m and 175 m, the results showed that they were all over 2 m and were all classified as extremely high-risk areas. Consequently, it is crucial to implement engineering measures to mitigate the risk posed by these HDRMs and to enhance professional monitoring and warning systems to provide pre-warnings for passing vessels. The insights from this study contribute to the understanding of rockslide-tsunami disaster risks in the Three Gorges Reservoir area and similar settings worldwide.