Radiologische Gefäßinterventionen zur Blutstillung bei Patienten mit Trauma

Acute hemorrhage is a leading cause of death following severe trauma. Interventional radiology is becoming increasingly important in the control this type of hemorrhage. Given the increasing use of minimally invasive techniques, a thorough understanding of these procedures is essential.

In this review article, the effectiveness and approaches regarding radiological vascular interventions for hemorrhage control are analyzed and the relevance of these methods in modern trauma care is assessed.

Using the currently available literature and guidelines, the areas of application and techniques of interventional radiological methods for hemorrhage control following trauma injuries are presented and illustrated using case examples.

Procedures such as embolization, occlusion, and resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) have been shown to be effective in reducing mortality rates in patients with trauma injuries. Embolization, in particular, is highly effective for control of arterial bleeding, while temporary occlusion using a balloon catheter can gain valuable time until surgical intervention.

Interdisciplinary collaboration and individually tailored interventions are crucial for success. Rapid indication and precise selection of the embolization material play a decisive role. Radiological interventions are an indispensable component in the management of patients with traumatic injuries. Close interdisciplinary collaboration in the resuscitation room and the continuous development of techniques make a significant contribution to improving patient care.