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<p>Information transmission capacity in optical fiber networks can be rapidly escalated using Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM). However, non-linearities in fiber such as Four Wave Mixing (FWM) cause adverse effects in DWDM and ultra-DWDM networks. In this work, differential quadrature phase shift keying (DQPSK) modulation is employed to minimize the impact of FWM effect. The system performance can be improved by properly adjusting the switching and bias voltage of the dual-port Mach-Zehnder Modulator (MZM). Here, the performance of the proposed method is compared with other advanced modulation techniques such as Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK), Differential Binary Phase Shift Keying (DBPSK) and 16-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM). The results reveal optimal performance with maximum FWM minimization for the proposed method at a switching voltage of 3 V.</p>

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Modeling high-speed long-haul DWDM/UDWDM networks with FWM minimization

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月12日

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  • S. S. Supriya,
  • Joseph Zacharias

摘要

Information transmission capacity in optical fiber networks can be rapidly escalated using Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM). However, non-linearities in fiber such as Four Wave Mixing (FWM) cause adverse effects in DWDM and ultra-DWDM networks. In this work, differential quadrature phase shift keying (DQPSK) modulation is employed to minimize the impact of FWM effect. The system performance can be improved by properly adjusting the switching and bias voltage of the dual-port Mach-Zehnder Modulator (MZM). Here, the performance of the proposed method is compared with other advanced modulation techniques such as Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK), Differential Binary Phase Shift Keying (DBPSK) and 16-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM). The results reveal optimal performance with maximum FWM minimization for the proposed method at a switching voltage of 3 V.