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<p>This article proposes an elliptical photonic crystal fiber (PCF) structure for broadband polarization filtering and refractive index (RI) sensing. By employing an elliptical core and elliptical air holes, the design achieves a high resonance intensity for <i>y</i>-polarization of 789 dB/cm, with a corresponding <i>x</i>-polarization loss of 0.29 dB/cm at a communication wavelength of 1.31 μm, resulting in a polarization extinction ratio of 2721. For a fiber length of 200 μm, the structure attains a crosstalk (CT) value of 137.0 dB at 1.31 μm. Furthermore, it exhibits a bandwidth of 1.04 μm with CT levels exceeding 20 dB, spanning the wavelength range from 1.16 to 2.2 μm. The same elliptical PCF structure can also function as a RI sensor, achieving a sensitivity of 8600 nm/RIU within a sensing range of 1.29–1.31. Additionally, replacing the elliptical holes with fully circular holes in the proposed fiber maintains a wide polarization-filtering bandwidth and yields a high RI sensitivity of 21,400 nm/RIU over the range 1.37–1.39. These results indicate that fully circular holes based on the proposed PCF structure represent a viable alternative for applications in both polarization filtering and RI sensing.</p>

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Design of an elliptical gold-coated photonic crystal fiber for broadband polarization filtering and refractive index sensing

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月20日

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  • Limian Ren,
  • Linghong Jiang,
  • Pai Zhang,
  • Huimin Shi

摘要

This article proposes an elliptical photonic crystal fiber (PCF) structure for broadband polarization filtering and refractive index (RI) sensing. By employing an elliptical core and elliptical air holes, the design achieves a high resonance intensity for y-polarization of 789 dB/cm, with a corresponding x-polarization loss of 0.29 dB/cm at a communication wavelength of 1.31 μm, resulting in a polarization extinction ratio of 2721. For a fiber length of 200 μm, the structure attains a crosstalk (CT) value of 137.0 dB at 1.31 μm. Furthermore, it exhibits a bandwidth of 1.04 μm with CT levels exceeding 20 dB, spanning the wavelength range from 1.16 to 2.2 μm. The same elliptical PCF structure can also function as a RI sensor, achieving a sensitivity of 8600 nm/RIU within a sensing range of 1.29–1.31. Additionally, replacing the elliptical holes with fully circular holes in the proposed fiber maintains a wide polarization-filtering bandwidth and yields a high RI sensitivity of 21,400 nm/RIU over the range 1.37–1.39. These results indicate that fully circular holes based on the proposed PCF structure represent a viable alternative for applications in both polarization filtering and RI sensing.