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<p>A Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI) based on the two-end etching of multi-core fiber (MCF) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The MZI consists of a seven-core fiber with two-end etching and is sandwiched in two single-mode fibers. To study the influence of different etching time on MZI, BOE solution is used to etch MCF. Due to the fact that BOE solution is a mixture of HF and NH<sub>4</sub>F, the etching rate of BOE on the MCF is slower, which is more conducive to observing the etching appearance of the MCF. The effect of etching on MZI spectrum is analyzed theoretically. Experimental results confirm and show that the humidity increases from 25%RH to 95%RH, the MZI energy monitoring point decreases, and its humidity response sensitivity is −&#xa0;0.045&#xa0;dB/%RH. Since the temperature also affects the sensor response, the temperature is also measured. The temperature increases from 35℃ to 85&#xa0;℃, and the MZI temperature response sensitivity is&#xa0;0.0465&#xa0;nm/℃. A quick and reliable time response has also been demonstrated and shows potential for future applications.</p>

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An closed-cavity Mach–Zehnder interferometer based on multi-core fiber with two-end etching for relative humidity

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月23日

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  • Junni Cheng,
  • Xiao-yan Jiang,
  • Yu-heng Wang

摘要

A Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI) based on the two-end etching of multi-core fiber (MCF) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The MZI consists of a seven-core fiber with two-end etching and is sandwiched in two single-mode fibers. To study the influence of different etching time on MZI, BOE solution is used to etch MCF. Due to the fact that BOE solution is a mixture of HF and NH4F, the etching rate of BOE on the MCF is slower, which is more conducive to observing the etching appearance of the MCF. The effect of etching on MZI spectrum is analyzed theoretically. Experimental results confirm and show that the humidity increases from 25%RH to 95%RH, the MZI energy monitoring point decreases, and its humidity response sensitivity is − 0.045 dB/%RH. Since the temperature also affects the sensor response, the temperature is also measured. The temperature increases from 35℃ to 85 ℃, and the MZI temperature response sensitivity is 0.0465 nm/℃. A quick and reliable time response has also been demonstrated and shows potential for future applications.