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<p>High-salinity lakes (HSLs) are crucial for resource security, where maintaining adequate water levels in HSLs is essential for mineral resource development. Lacustrine groundwater discharge (LGD) is an important component of lake water budgets. However, few studies have investigated LGD in HSLs in areas of dense salt crust formation. This study investigated groundwater discharge into the South Huobuxun Lake (SH Lake), a HSL in the Qaidam Basin, northwest China. By integrating radon isotope (<sup>222</sup>Rn), stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen (δ<sup>2</sup>H and δ<sup>18</sup>O), hydrogeochemical data, and self-organizing map (SOM) analysis, lake water in SH Lake was found to be significantly influenced by LGD from the south and northwest. Lake water affected by LGD present relatively high <sup>222</sup>Rn activities (average 121.38&#xa0;Bq/m<sup>3</sup>), depleted δ<sup>18</sup>O values (average –&#xa0;7.25‰), and lower total dissolved solids (TDS, average 53.52&#xa0;g/l) than those in lake water unaffected by LGD (average <sup>222</sup>Rn, δ<sup>18</sup>O, and TDS values of 48.96&#xa0;Bq/m<sup>3</sup>, –&#xa0;5.89‰, and 73.82&#xa0;g/l, respectively). By considering the characteristics of regional geological structures and groundwater flow system dynamics, this study infers that groundwater discharging to SH Lake originates from a regional groundwater flow system with deep circulation. This study provides an integrated method for estimating LGD from HSLs in dense salt crust deposition areas using <sup>222</sup>Rn, δ<sup>2</sup>H, and δ<sup>18</sup>O.</p>

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Characterization of groundwater discharge in an area of dense salt crust formation in the high-salinity South Huobuxun Lake (NW China) using isotopic and hydrogeochemical analyses

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月4日

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  • Xinming Song,
  • Fu Liao,
  • Guangcai Wang,
  • Nuan Yang,
  • Xianglong Chen,
  • Bo Li

摘要

High-salinity lakes (HSLs) are crucial for resource security, where maintaining adequate water levels in HSLs is essential for mineral resource development. Lacustrine groundwater discharge (LGD) is an important component of lake water budgets. However, few studies have investigated LGD in HSLs in areas of dense salt crust formation. This study investigated groundwater discharge into the South Huobuxun Lake (SH Lake), a HSL in the Qaidam Basin, northwest China. By integrating radon isotope (222Rn), stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen (δ2H and δ18O), hydrogeochemical data, and self-organizing map (SOM) analysis, lake water in SH Lake was found to be significantly influenced by LGD from the south and northwest. Lake water affected by LGD present relatively high 222Rn activities (average 121.38 Bq/m3), depleted δ18O values (average – 7.25‰), and lower total dissolved solids (TDS, average 53.52 g/l) than those in lake water unaffected by LGD (average 222Rn, δ18O, and TDS values of 48.96 Bq/m3, – 5.89‰, and 73.82 g/l, respectively). By considering the characteristics of regional geological structures and groundwater flow system dynamics, this study infers that groundwater discharging to SH Lake originates from a regional groundwater flow system with deep circulation. This study provides an integrated method for estimating LGD from HSLs in dense salt crust deposition areas using 222Rn, δ2H, and δ18O.