<p>Gravity-driven granular flow, viz. landslides, debris flow, etc., poses a severe threat to infrastructure and communities, making it crucial to understand their dynamics and interaction with mitigation measures. This study adopts the Discrete Element Method (DEM) to systematically examine how particle shape influences dry granular flow kinematics and impact force on rigid barriers in an inclined channelized frictional flume. The DEM model is first benchmarked against an experimental study using spherical particles and then extended to regular non-spherical shapes, including ellipsoid, cylinder, dodecahedron, octahedron, and tetrahedron, characterized by various sphericity measures available in the literature. Our findings reveal that decreasing particle sphericity significantly enhances flow resistance, attributed to an increased number of interparticle contacts, thereby leading to reduced macroscopic responses, viz., frontal velocity, kinetic energy, and peak impact force. Furthermore, the presence of secondary flows and granular temperature is found to be more pronounced for particles with higher sphericity. Flow conditions derived from the DEM simulations are used to parameterize analytical force models. Analysis of the widely used depth-averaged hydrodynamic continuum model reveals a negative correlation between the dynamic pressure coefficient (<InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(k_d\)</EquationSource> </InlineEquation>) and Froude number (<i>Fr</i>), driven by particle shape-induced changes in flow depth and velocity. Further, a modified depth-averaged continuum model has been utilized to distinguish the dynamic contribution of the incoming flow from the static component associated with the dead zone, demonstrating that non-spherical particles significantly augment the dynamic force fraction during impact. These insights contribute to improved understanding and design of mitigation structures for gravity-driven granular flow.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Interaction of regular non-spherical particles with rigid barrier in gravity-driven dry granular flow

  • Prity Dhanai,
  • Debayan Bhattacharya

摘要

Gravity-driven granular flow, viz. landslides, debris flow, etc., poses a severe threat to infrastructure and communities, making it crucial to understand their dynamics and interaction with mitigation measures. This study adopts the Discrete Element Method (DEM) to systematically examine how particle shape influences dry granular flow kinematics and impact force on rigid barriers in an inclined channelized frictional flume. The DEM model is first benchmarked against an experimental study using spherical particles and then extended to regular non-spherical shapes, including ellipsoid, cylinder, dodecahedron, octahedron, and tetrahedron, characterized by various sphericity measures available in the literature. Our findings reveal that decreasing particle sphericity significantly enhances flow resistance, attributed to an increased number of interparticle contacts, thereby leading to reduced macroscopic responses, viz., frontal velocity, kinetic energy, and peak impact force. Furthermore, the presence of secondary flows and granular temperature is found to be more pronounced for particles with higher sphericity. Flow conditions derived from the DEM simulations are used to parameterize analytical force models. Analysis of the widely used depth-averaged hydrodynamic continuum model reveals a negative correlation between the dynamic pressure coefficient ( \(k_d\) ) and Froude number (Fr), driven by particle shape-induced changes in flow depth and velocity. Further, a modified depth-averaged continuum model has been utilized to distinguish the dynamic contribution of the incoming flow from the static component associated with the dead zone, demonstrating that non-spherical particles significantly augment the dynamic force fraction during impact. These insights contribute to improved understanding and design of mitigation structures for gravity-driven granular flow.

Graphical Abstract