<p>Granular flows are widely present in engineering and natural phenomena, and their interactions with obstacles represent a critical research direction in flow dynamics, with significant implications for disaster prediction and engineering optimization. This study focuses on the shock wave interference phenomenon in gravity-driven granular flows interacting with parallel cylindrical obstacles, aiming to explore its physical mechanisms and influencing factors. The experimental design incorporates varying obstacle spacings and slope angles to systematically investigate the impact of shock wave interference on flow structure, geometric characteristics, and velocity field distribution. The results indicate that decreasing obstacle spacing significantly enhances shock wave interactions, leading to an increase in the standoff distance (<i>D</i>_{<i>standoff</i>}) of the shock wave front and greater upstream flow obstruction. Conversely, increasing slope angle accelerates the free-stream velocity, further intensifying the shock wave strength. Analysis using a convection–diffusion model reveals that diffusion intensity has a critical influence on the curvature radius of the shock wave, with larger spacings reducing convective effects and thereby increasing the shock wave curvature. Additionally, velocity field profile analysis highlights a dual mechanism of particle velocity reduction and deflection, where the number of deflection peaks and total deflection area increase with obstacle spacing. These findings provide new insights into the dynamic mechanisms underlying granular flow-obstacle interactions and offer theoretical support for controlling granular flows in related engineering applications.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>