<p>This paper identifies and reviews climate policies that protect vulnerable populations in Asia–Pacific low and middle-income economies while also improving their livelihoods. It focuses on three such “climate-poverty hotspots” in the region: small-island developing states (SIDS), the less-favored agricultural areas (LFAAs) of landlocked countries, and rural low-elevation coastal zones (LECZs) of other Asia–Pacific countries. Three policies are proposed aimed at reducing the poverty and climate vulnerability of these populations, including off-grid renewable energy investments, nature-based solutions and targeted investments. The paper explains both the opportunities and challenges for implementing such policies, as well the possible use of market-baed instruments, repurposing subsidies and redistributing the revenues raised or saved. A key issue is the additional financial and technical support required, and how both the international community and national governments could provide such support. If Asia–Pacific countries demonstrate a commitment to adopting such a strategy, including mobilizing domestic resources, they should become a priority for international financial and technical assistance.</p>