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<p>The goal of this work is to perform a thorough review of recent advancements in fabric based microfluidic fuel cells (FMFCs), as will be analytically followed. We will first engage in a very comprehensive presentation detailing the first and foremost importance of fabric materials, namely, by comparing polyester, cotton, and carbon fibers for porosity, wicking velocity, mechanical flexure, and resistance to chemicals. For anodes, the literature review summarizes biocompatible microbial and enzyme biocatalysts like <i>Shewanella MR-1</i> and <i>glucose dehydrogenase</i>. More recent advancements in highly efficient carbon materials such as molybdenum carbide nanoparticles-modified carbonized cotton fabric (Mo<sub>2</sub>C/CCT) and lignin-derived electrospun carbon fibers are also incorporated, together with Nickel catalysts for urea oxidation reactions. Finally, for the cathode components of an FMFC, the literature review highlights the need for improved catalyst durability and the recent focus on identified cost-effective noble metal-free catalysts such as enzyme-based systems including bilirubin oxidase and bi-enzymes glucose oxidase-horseradish peroxidase systems. Advanced carbon-based materials, often doped with nitrogen or transition metals (e.g., Fe–N–C, Fe/Co-NC), are also proving effective for their catalytic activity and stability.</p>

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Recent advances in fabric-based microfluidic fuel cells: textile substrates, catalysts, and electrochemical performance analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年8月4日

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  • Agraj Pratap Singh,
  • Anjali Awasthi,
  • Amit Kumar Rathoure

摘要

The goal of this work is to perform a thorough review of recent advancements in fabric based microfluidic fuel cells (FMFCs), as will be analytically followed. We will first engage in a very comprehensive presentation detailing the first and foremost importance of fabric materials, namely, by comparing polyester, cotton, and carbon fibers for porosity, wicking velocity, mechanical flexure, and resistance to chemicals. For anodes, the literature review summarizes biocompatible microbial and enzyme biocatalysts like Shewanella MR-1 and glucose dehydrogenase. More recent advancements in highly efficient carbon materials such as molybdenum carbide nanoparticles-modified carbonized cotton fabric (Mo2C/CCT) and lignin-derived electrospun carbon fibers are also incorporated, together with Nickel catalysts for urea oxidation reactions. Finally, for the cathode components of an FMFC, the literature review highlights the need for improved catalyst durability and the recent focus on identified cost-effective noble metal-free catalysts such as enzyme-based systems including bilirubin oxidase and bi-enzymes glucose oxidase-horseradish peroxidase systems. Advanced carbon-based materials, often doped with nitrogen or transition metals (e.g., Fe–N–C, Fe/Co-NC), are also proving effective for their catalytic activity and stability.