<p>The agricultural soils represent highly dynamic chemical environments where pesticides, heavy metals, and surplus nutrients accumulation increases as a threat to crop productivity, environmental sustainability, and food safety. The speedy, convenient, and on-field tracking of these pollutants is thus critical in sustainable agricultural management. Here, electrochemical sensing technologies have raised as a potent tool of analysis due to their high sensitivity, rapid reaction, low cost, and the capability of transforming a molecular interaction into a quantifiable electrical signal. This review gives an in-depth summary of the basic chemical principles of the electrochemical sensing strategies and critically discusses its usage on the detection of soil and agricultural contaminants. The special attention is given to the process of identification of heavy metals, pesticides, nutrients, and new pollutants and a comparative evaluation of sensor performance in terms of sensitivity, selectivity, and viable reasons. Also, major issues associated with sensor miniaturization, matrix interference, multi-analyte detection and real-field implementation are addressed. The latest developments that combine electrochemical sensors with nanomaterials and smart agronomics are also mentioned. Overall, electrochemical sensing strategies have a great potential to aid precision agriculture, create a more sustainable environmental stewardship, and facilitate sustainable management of soils by making accurate and timely decisions.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>