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<p>The application of lightweight Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs) in unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), electric vehicles (EVs), and other mobile power source applications has the potential to provide reliable clean energy. Innovation in mobile PEMFC is closely related to the development of lightweight and efficient bipolar plates (BPs). BPs account for approximately 80% of the total weight of a PEMFC and 50–65% of its volume, so it is desirable to produce plates with the smallest possible dimensions and weight. In this review, the design and material selection for BPs are emphasized and compared with special attention to their applications as mobile power source. The material selection for BPs generally consists of metals, graphite, and composites, each with different mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, electrical conductivity, and manufacturability. Metallic BPs, especially those coated with protective layers, are highlighted for their cost-saving, weight-reducing, and longer service life compared to traditional graphite plates, contributing to lighter weight and better performance. Recent technological developments such as lasers and additive manufacturing processes such as SLA 3D printers facilitate the optimization of materials and designs, further contributing to the production of lightweight PEMFCs. This review offers directions for future studies and innovative work aimed at improving PEMFCs for their application as mobile power sources.</p>

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Lightweight proton exchange membrane fuel cell’s bipolar plates materials selection and design for mobile application

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月9日

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  • Teuku Muhammad Naufal Ramadhan,
  • Mohd Shahbudin Masdar,
  • Teuku Husaini

摘要

The application of lightweight Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs) in unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), electric vehicles (EVs), and other mobile power source applications has the potential to provide reliable clean energy. Innovation in mobile PEMFC is closely related to the development of lightweight and efficient bipolar plates (BPs). BPs account for approximately 80% of the total weight of a PEMFC and 50–65% of its volume, so it is desirable to produce plates with the smallest possible dimensions and weight. In this review, the design and material selection for BPs are emphasized and compared with special attention to their applications as mobile power source. The material selection for BPs generally consists of metals, graphite, and composites, each with different mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, electrical conductivity, and manufacturability. Metallic BPs, especially those coated with protective layers, are highlighted for their cost-saving, weight-reducing, and longer service life compared to traditional graphite plates, contributing to lighter weight and better performance. Recent technological developments such as lasers and additive manufacturing processes such as SLA 3D printers facilitate the optimization of materials and designs, further contributing to the production of lightweight PEMFCs. This review offers directions for future studies and innovative work aimed at improving PEMFCs for their application as mobile power sources.