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<p>Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) demand high-performance anodes to address challenges like capacity fading and sluggish kinetics. Perovskite oxides (LaNiO₃, CeNiO₃) are promising candidates, but their practical application is hindered by lacking systematic comparisons under identical synthesis conditions and unclear oxygen vacancy-electrochemical kinetics correlation. In this study, LaNiO₃ calcined at 700 ℃ (LNO-700) and CeNiO₃ calcined at 800 ℃ (CNO-800) anodes were synthesized via sol–gel method (differing only in A-site metal sources) to investigate the effect of A-site cation regulation on electrochemical performance. The electrochemical performance was evaluated using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The LNO-700 electrode delivered a specific capacity of 235.2 mAh g⁻<sup>1</sup> after 100 cycles at 100&#xa0;mA g⁻<sup>1</sup> (Coulombic efficiency &gt; 80%), outperforming CNO-800 (120 mAh g⁻<sup>1</sup>) under the same conditions. EIS analysis revealed a 30% reduction in charge-transfer resistance (72.1 Ω cm<sup>2</sup>) compared to CNO-800, along with a significantly enhanced Li⁺ diffusion coefficient. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Raman spectroscopy confirmed LNO-700’s higher oxygen vacancy concentration, which accelerates ion kinetics,while the perovskite framework of both materials provides structural stability during lithiation/delithiation. Kinetic analysis indicated a hybrid charge-storage mechanism: capacitive contributions dominate at higher scan rates (65.1% at 10&#xa0;mV s⁻<sup>1</sup>) compared to lower rates (44.8% at 2&#xa0;mV s⁻<sup>1</sup>), elucidating the superior rate capability. These findings establish A-site cation regulation in La/Ce-based perovskites and vacancy-mediated structure–property relationships, demonstrating that oxygen-vacancy engineering synergized with perovskite stability enhances anode performance. This offers a promising cobalt-free strategy for high-performance LIB anodes, with LNO-700 being the optimal candidate.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Preparation of LaNiO3 perovskite materials by Sol–Gel method: electrochemical performance

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月19日

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  • Kai Zhang,
  • Jintao Wang,
  • Demei Xu,
  • Xinyu Huang,
  • Wenchao Zhang,
  • Ziwei Bai,
  • Qingyan Cheng

摘要

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) demand high-performance anodes to address challenges like capacity fading and sluggish kinetics. Perovskite oxides (LaNiO₃, CeNiO₃) are promising candidates, but their practical application is hindered by lacking systematic comparisons under identical synthesis conditions and unclear oxygen vacancy-electrochemical kinetics correlation. In this study, LaNiO₃ calcined at 700 ℃ (LNO-700) and CeNiO₃ calcined at 800 ℃ (CNO-800) anodes were synthesized via sol–gel method (differing only in A-site metal sources) to investigate the effect of A-site cation regulation on electrochemical performance. The electrochemical performance was evaluated using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The LNO-700 electrode delivered a specific capacity of 235.2 mAh g⁻1 after 100 cycles at 100 mA g⁻1 (Coulombic efficiency > 80%), outperforming CNO-800 (120 mAh g⁻1) under the same conditions. EIS analysis revealed a 30% reduction in charge-transfer resistance (72.1 Ω cm2) compared to CNO-800, along with a significantly enhanced Li⁺ diffusion coefficient. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Raman spectroscopy confirmed LNO-700’s higher oxygen vacancy concentration, which accelerates ion kinetics,while the perovskite framework of both materials provides structural stability during lithiation/delithiation. Kinetic analysis indicated a hybrid charge-storage mechanism: capacitive contributions dominate at higher scan rates (65.1% at 10 mV s⁻1) compared to lower rates (44.8% at 2 mV s⁻1), elucidating the superior rate capability. These findings establish A-site cation regulation in La/Ce-based perovskites and vacancy-mediated structure–property relationships, demonstrating that oxygen-vacancy engineering synergized with perovskite stability enhances anode performance. This offers a promising cobalt-free strategy for high-performance LIB anodes, with LNO-700 being the optimal candidate.

Graphical Abstract