Tin dioxide (SnO2) thin films as anodes for sodium-ion thin film batteries
摘要
As an alternative to lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion thin film batteries are very attractive for energy storage applications driven by financial limitations. The materials, like Sn, Sb, SnO2, and Sb2O3, have gained much attention in this area because of their distinctive electrical characteristics. SnO2 stands out among them as a potential material for next-generation storage systems due to its non-toxicity, low cost, distinctive crystal structures, and superior electrochemical performances. By using physical vapour deposition processes, it is quite difficult to obtain crystalline and stoichiometric tin compounds. Radio frequency (RF) sputtering was employed in this study to deposit SnO2 thin films. Thin films of pure phase and crystalline nature were produced using the annealing process. The cathodic and anodic reactions are confirmed from electrochemical studies along with high capacity retention (95%) and charging capacity ~ 577 mAh.g−1, which indicates that SnO2 would be a promising anode material for Na-ion thin film batteries.