Screen-printed carbon electrode modified with AgNPs obtained via green synthesis for acetaminophen determination
摘要
Cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), and square wave voltammetry (SWV) were employed to investigate the electrochemical behavior of acetaminophen (APAP) at a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) modified with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized via an eco-friendly process. Hibiscus rosa-sinensis flower extract acts as a stabilizing and reducing agent to produce AgNPs. UV–Vis spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses confirmed the formation of the AgNPs. The modified electrode, SPCE/AgNPs, demonstrated an excellent electrochemical response for APAP detection within a linear range of 0.5–100 µmol L−1 with correlation coefficients of 0.995 and 0.993 for DPV and SWV methods, respectively. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were 0.14 and 0.28 µmol L−1 for the DPV method and 0.051 and 0.10 µmol L−1 for the SWV method, respectively. The RSD for ten measurements was 0.54% and 0.35% for DPV and SWV, respectively. The proposed sensor was successfully applied to quantify APAP in pharmaceutical samples. Furthermore, it proved selective in determining APAP in the presence of common interfering compounds such as ascorbic acid and caffeine.