Three-dimensional volumetric assessment and stability of simultaneously placed implant following sinus floor augmentation with deproteinized human demineralized tooth matrix or deproteinized bovine bone mineral: a randomized controlled clinical trial

This study aimed to analyze and compare three-dimensional volumetric bone changes and stability of simultaneously placed dental implants following sinus augmentation using deproteinized human demineralized tooth matrix (dpDTM) and deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM).

Twenty-four patients who required lateral maxillary sinus floor augmentation with simultaneous dental implant placement were randomly assigned to receive either dpDTM (n = 12) or DBBM (n = 12). Cone-beam computed tomography and resonance frequency analysis of implant stability were conducted immediately after surgery and 6 months postoperatively. Changes in the graft sinus floor and graft height volumes in the sagittal and coronal views, along with the implant stability quotient (ISQ), were analyzed and compared.

Volumetric graft alteration was comparable between dpDTM (120.33 ± 77.48 mm³) and DBBM (108.51 ± 65.15 mm³) (p = 0.690). Reduction in the average graft height was also comparable: dpDTM group ranged from − 0.59 to − 0.93 mm and the DBBM group ranged from − 0.55 to − 0.82 mm (p > 0.05) at most examined levels. However, greater reduction in the mesial-graft height occurred in the dpDTM group (− 1.08 ± 0.70 mm vs. −0.58 ± 0.39 mm, p = 0.04). The ISQ values increased similarly in both groups to reach 70 at 6 months.

dpDTM demonstrated comparable stability in graft volume and height during the healing process compared to DBBM and could serve as a viable alternative to DBBM for sinus floor augmentation with simultaneous implant placement.