Scholarlink

Objectives <p>To evaluate the physicochemical, optical, and antimicrobial properties of a conventional glass ionomer cement (GIC) modified with anacardic acid (LDT11).</p> Materials and methods <p>LDT11, extracted from cashew nutshells, was incorporated into GIC (FX ULTRA, Shofu, USA) at 0.5%, 1%, and 2% (w/w), with 0% as control.&#xa0;Disc-shaped specimens (6–15&#xa0;mm diameter × 1&#xa0;mm thickness) were prepared for all evaluations<i>.</i> Setting time (ISO 9917; n = 3), acid-base reaction efficiency (FTIR, COO<sup>−</sup>/COOH ratio; n = 3), water sorption and solubility (ISO 4049; n = 5), diffusion coefficient (n = 5), surface roughness (Ra, Rz, Rv; n = 5), and color parameters (CIELab, CIEDE2000; n = 5) were measured. Antimicrobial characterizations were carried out, with discs inoculated with <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> UA159 and incubated anaerobically for 7 days (early biofilms) and 14 days (mature biofilms). Biofilms were dyed with the Live/Dead biofilm viability kit and then imaged using confocal laser scanning microscopy (n = 6). Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA with Tukey post hoc or Kruskal-Wallis with Dwass-Steel-Critchlow-Fligner tests (p &lt; 0.05).</p> Results <p>LDT11 incorporation did not significantly affect setting time, acid-base reaction efficiency, solubility, diffusion coefficient, and surface roughness. FTIR spectra revealed no alterations in setting-related functional groups, while LDT11 was identified in the 1000–1100&#xa0;cm⁻¹ range. At 2%, LDT11 significantly increased water sorption and caused visible color changes (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). The 0.5% and 1% groups significantly reduced <i>S. mutans</i> viability compared to control, with the 1% group exhibiting the most pronounced and sustained effect (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001).</p> Conclusions <p>Incorporation of the anacardic acid derivative up to 1% maintained physicochemical properties of GIC while providing antimicrobial activity.</p>

错误：搜索内容不能为空，请输入英文关键词
错误：关键词超出字数限制，请精简
高级检索

Maintenance of physicochemical, optical, and biological properties of conventional glass ionomer cement enriched with an anacardic acid-derivative compound

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月6日

查看全文
  • Bruna Genari,
  • Bruna Leis Endres,
  • Erick Rabelo,
  • Luiz Antonio Soares Romeiro,
  • Andressa Souza de Oliveira,
  • Thuy Do,
  • Reem El-Gendy,
  • Vitória Beatriz Souza da Silva,
  • Naile Dame-Teixeira,
  • Fernanda Cristina Pimentel Garcia

摘要

Objectives

To evaluate the physicochemical, optical, and antimicrobial properties of a conventional glass ionomer cement (GIC) modified with anacardic acid (LDT11).

Materials and methods

LDT11, extracted from cashew nutshells, was incorporated into GIC (FX ULTRA, Shofu, USA) at 0.5%, 1%, and 2% (w/w), with 0% as control. Disc-shaped specimens (6–15 mm diameter × 1 mm thickness) were prepared for all evaluations. Setting time (ISO 9917; n = 3), acid-base reaction efficiency (FTIR, COO−/COOH ratio; n = 3), water sorption and solubility (ISO 4049; n = 5), diffusion coefficient (n = 5), surface roughness (Ra, Rz, Rv; n = 5), and color parameters (CIELab, CIEDE2000; n = 5) were measured. Antimicrobial characterizations were carried out, with discs inoculated with Streptococcus mutans UA159 and incubated anaerobically for 7 days (early biofilms) and 14 days (mature biofilms). Biofilms were dyed with the Live/Dead biofilm viability kit and then imaged using confocal laser scanning microscopy (n = 6). Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA with Tukey post hoc or Kruskal-Wallis with Dwass-Steel-Critchlow-Fligner tests (p < 0.05).

Results

LDT11 incorporation did not significantly affect setting time, acid-base reaction efficiency, solubility, diffusion coefficient, and surface roughness. FTIR spectra revealed no alterations in setting-related functional groups, while LDT11 was identified in the 1000–1100 cm⁻¹ range. At 2%, LDT11 significantly increased water sorption and caused visible color changes (p < 0.05). The 0.5% and 1% groups significantly reduced S. mutans viability compared to control, with the 1% group exhibiting the most pronounced and sustained effect (p < 0.0001).

Conclusions

Incorporation of the anacardic acid derivative up to 1% maintained physicochemical properties of GIC while providing antimicrobial activity.