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<p>The VHF Data Exchange System (VDES) is emerging as a critical standard in maritime communication to overcome the capacity and protocol limitations of the legacy Automatic Identification System (AIS). As VDES enters a pivotal phase of international standardization, identifying strategic R&amp;D priorities and undeveloped technological areas is essential. This study proposes a systematic forecasting framework by integrating Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) and Generative Topographic Mapping (GTM) to analyze the VDES patent landscape. Through LDA, we identified four primary technological domains of VDES: (1) cloud and edge computing-based traffic management system, (2) satellite–terrestrial interconnected bidirectional wireless communication network, (3) high-reliability encryption-based security system, and (4) bidirectional communication system through data modulation module. Subsequent GTM analysis identifies technological vacuums specifically within the cloud and edge computing-based traffic management system and the bidirectional communication system through data modulation module. Our findings show that connectivity and security frameworks are relatively mature while intelligence-centric operational optimization remains underexplored. This study provides empirical evidence to guide future R&amp;D directions in maritime data exchange systems.</p>

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Emerging technology forecasting for the VHF data exchange system in maritime wireless communication

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月17日

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  • Minsu Woo,
  • Taewook Yoo,
  • Yohan Lee,
  • Sung Won Cho,
  • Woo-Sung Jung,
  • Jeonghyeon Kim,
  • Jin Hyoung Park,
  • Abhilasha Nanda

摘要

The VHF Data Exchange System (VDES) is emerging as a critical standard in maritime communication to overcome the capacity and protocol limitations of the legacy Automatic Identification System (AIS). As VDES enters a pivotal phase of international standardization, identifying strategic R&D priorities and undeveloped technological areas is essential. This study proposes a systematic forecasting framework by integrating Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) and Generative Topographic Mapping (GTM) to analyze the VDES patent landscape. Through LDA, we identified four primary technological domains of VDES: (1) cloud and edge computing-based traffic management system, (2) satellite–terrestrial interconnected bidirectional wireless communication network, (3) high-reliability encryption-based security system, and (4) bidirectional communication system through data modulation module. Subsequent GTM analysis identifies technological vacuums specifically within the cloud and edge computing-based traffic management system and the bidirectional communication system through data modulation module. Our findings show that connectivity and security frameworks are relatively mature while intelligence-centric operational optimization remains underexplored. This study provides empirical evidence to guide future R&D directions in maritime data exchange systems.