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<p>High-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) is increasingly recognised as a versatile, low-solvent technique for routine quality control of food and herbal and pharmaceutical products. Recent developments in green analytical chemistry (GAC), blue analytical chemistry (BAC) and white analytical chemistry (WAC) have accelerated the transition of HPTLC from solvent-intensive workflows to sustainability-driven, decision-oriented platforms. The current review describes the basics of HPTLC but in the context of a single GAC–BAC–WAC framework, including the use of solvents that are eco-friendly, miniaturisation and greener methods of sample preparation, including quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe (QuEChERS), pressurised fluid extraction, dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction, ultrasound-assisted extraction and solid-phase microextraction. Sustainable validation practices, including plate miniaturisation, chamber pre-saturation, automated spotting, binary low-toxicity mobile phases and low-volume derivatisation, are critically discussed with respect to solvent consumption, analytical performance and regulatory robustness. Particular emphasis is placed on contemporary greenness and whiteness assessment tools (Green Analytical Procedure Index [GAPI]; Analytical Greenness Metric [AGREE]; Analytical Eco-Scale; National Environmental Methods Index [NEMI]; red, green, blue (RGB); Greenness Evaluation Metric for Analytical Methods [GEMAM]; and Blue Applicability Grade Index [BAGI]) and their application to HPTLC methods. This review examines software-assisted HPTLC workflows, persistent gaps (limited life-cycle assessments [LCA], trace sensitivity, digital standardisation), and prospects for smart software integration with GAC–BAC–WAC principles.</p>

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Sustainable advancement of high-performance thin-layer chromatography: integrating green, blue and white analytical chemistry with smart software solutions

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月7日

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  • Sreenath Venkatesan,
  • Padhma Shri Babu,
  • Sudharsan Krishnamoorthy,
  • Nivathra Venkat Narayana Raju

摘要

High-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) is increasingly recognised as a versatile, low-solvent technique for routine quality control of food and herbal and pharmaceutical products. Recent developments in green analytical chemistry (GAC), blue analytical chemistry (BAC) and white analytical chemistry (WAC) have accelerated the transition of HPTLC from solvent-intensive workflows to sustainability-driven, decision-oriented platforms. The current review describes the basics of HPTLC but in the context of a single GAC–BAC–WAC framework, including the use of solvents that are eco-friendly, miniaturisation and greener methods of sample preparation, including quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe (QuEChERS), pressurised fluid extraction, dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction, ultrasound-assisted extraction and solid-phase microextraction. Sustainable validation practices, including plate miniaturisation, chamber pre-saturation, automated spotting, binary low-toxicity mobile phases and low-volume derivatisation, are critically discussed with respect to solvent consumption, analytical performance and regulatory robustness. Particular emphasis is placed on contemporary greenness and whiteness assessment tools (Green Analytical Procedure Index [GAPI]; Analytical Greenness Metric [AGREE]; Analytical Eco-Scale; National Environmental Methods Index [NEMI]; red, green, blue (RGB); Greenness Evaluation Metric for Analytical Methods [GEMAM]; and Blue Applicability Grade Index [BAGI]) and their application to HPTLC methods. This review examines software-assisted HPTLC workflows, persistent gaps (limited life-cycle assessments [LCA], trace sensitivity, digital standardisation), and prospects for smart software integration with GAC–BAC–WAC principles.