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Background <p>Advances in cancer diagnostics and treatment have led to a&#xa0;substantial increase in the number of long-term cancer survivors. In addition to recurrence and second primary malignancies, psychological and functional sequelae as well as (treatment-related) somatic long-term and late effects are becoming increasingly relevant for oncological follow-up care.</p> Objective <p>The aim of this review is to summarize the quantitative evidence on somatic long-term and late effects among cancer survivors and to contextualize these findings with regard to risk-adapted follow-up care.</p> Materials and methods <p>A&#xa0;narrative review of international epidemiological cohort and registry studies was conducted.</p> Results <p>Epidemiological studies consistently demonstrate increased risks of cardiovascular, neurological, endocrine, metabolic, and pulmonary diseases as well as of secondary primaries among long-term survivors. Depending on the organ system involved, treatment exposure, and duration of follow-up, the relative risks generally range between&#xa0;1.2 and&#xa0;2.5. These late effects are characterized by long latency periods and the cooccurrence of multiple conditions, reflecting multimorbidity.</p> Conclusion <p>Somatic long-term and late effects represent a&#xa0;substantial disease burden that is still insufficiently addressed in oncological follow-up care. The development of risk-adapted follow-up strategies requires a&#xa0;stronger focus on the integration of quantitative risk profiles.</p>

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Somatische Langzeit- und Spätfolgen nach Krebs – Ergebnisse aus der epidemiologischen Literatur

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月31日

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  • Volker Arndt,
  • Friederike Braulke,
  • Joachim Hübner,
  • Soo-Zin Kim-Wanner,
  • Maria Elena Lacruz,
  • Annika Waldmann,
  • Cécile Ronckers,
  • Tonia Brand,
  • Katrin Burtscher,
  • Christine Eisfeld,
  • Desiree Grabow,
  • Juliane Haase,
  • Andrea Hahne,
  • Claudia Jopp,
  • Philipp Kachel,
  • Hiltraud Kajüter,
  • Alexander Katalinic,
  • Alexander Kluttig,
  • Lea Pflugradt,
  • Alexandra Stein,
  • Uta Stötzer,
  • Solveig Unger,
  • Kerstin Weitmann,
  • Sylke Zeißig

摘要

Background

Advances in cancer diagnostics and treatment have led to a substantial increase in the number of long-term cancer survivors. In addition to recurrence and second primary malignancies, psychological and functional sequelae as well as (treatment-related) somatic long-term and late effects are becoming increasingly relevant for oncological follow-up care.

Objective

The aim of this review is to summarize the quantitative evidence on somatic long-term and late effects among cancer survivors and to contextualize these findings with regard to risk-adapted follow-up care.

Materials and methods

A narrative review of international epidemiological cohort and registry studies was conducted.

Results

Epidemiological studies consistently demonstrate increased risks of cardiovascular, neurological, endocrine, metabolic, and pulmonary diseases as well as of secondary primaries among long-term survivors. Depending on the organ system involved, treatment exposure, and duration of follow-up, the relative risks generally range between 1.2 and 2.5. These late effects are characterized by long latency periods and the cooccurrence of multiple conditions, reflecting multimorbidity.

Conclusion

Somatic long-term and late effects represent a substantial disease burden that is still insufficiently addressed in oncological follow-up care. The development of risk-adapted follow-up strategies requires a stronger focus on the integration of quantitative risk profiles.