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<p>After cancer in childhood, adolescence, and young adulthood (CAYA), the early detection and treatment of late effects is a&#xa0;challenge. Over two thirds of those affected develop at least one chronic disease, often several at the same time, including secondary tumors, organ damage, and psychosocial consequences. The risk of late effects depends on various factors, such as the type of cancer, the type and intensity of oncological treatment, age, gender, and genetic predisposition. Guidelines recommend lifelong risk-adapted, multiprofessional follow-up care. Preventive measures are also already relevant during treatment, e.g., otoprotection, cardioprotection and fertility-preservation strategies. Promotion of a&#xa0;healthy lifestyle (weight management, regular physical activity, balanced diet, smoking cessation, stress and sleep hygiene) is central, as it can reduce the risk of cardiovascular and other treatment-related late effects by 20–30%. After the end of oncological, recurrence-focused follow-up care, usually 5–10&#xa0;years after the end of treatment, the relevance of structured long-term monitoring increases, especially during the transition to adult medicine. However, there are still major gaps in care at present, with only an estimated 5% of adult CAYA survivors receiving specialized long-term follow-up care. Interdisciplinary consultations and regional networks are key elements for implementing individual long-term follow-up plans and ensuring coordinated care.</p>

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„Cancer survivorship“ bei Kindern, Jugendlichen und jungen Erwachsenen

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月14日

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  • Thorsten Langer,
  • Magdalena Balcerek

摘要

After cancer in childhood, adolescence, and young adulthood (CAYA), the early detection and treatment of late effects is a challenge. Over two thirds of those affected develop at least one chronic disease, often several at the same time, including secondary tumors, organ damage, and psychosocial consequences. The risk of late effects depends on various factors, such as the type of cancer, the type and intensity of oncological treatment, age, gender, and genetic predisposition. Guidelines recommend lifelong risk-adapted, multiprofessional follow-up care. Preventive measures are also already relevant during treatment, e.g., otoprotection, cardioprotection and fertility-preservation strategies. Promotion of a healthy lifestyle (weight management, regular physical activity, balanced diet, smoking cessation, stress and sleep hygiene) is central, as it can reduce the risk of cardiovascular and other treatment-related late effects by 20–30%. After the end of oncological, recurrence-focused follow-up care, usually 5–10 years after the end of treatment, the relevance of structured long-term monitoring increases, especially during the transition to adult medicine. However, there are still major gaps in care at present, with only an estimated 5% of adult CAYA survivors receiving specialized long-term follow-up care. Interdisciplinary consultations and regional networks are key elements for implementing individual long-term follow-up plans and ensuring coordinated care.