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<p>Polyneuropathy is a&#xa0;common disorder of the peripheral nerves, primarily affecting older individuals. It manifests through sensory (e.g., tingling, pain, numbness), motor (muscle weakness, atrophy), and autonomic symptoms (e.g., circulatory issues, digestive disorders). The most common form is axonal polyneuropathy, while demyelinating forms are rarer but often treatable. Diagnosis is based on clinical examination, frequently revealing diminished reflexes and reduced vibration sensation. Electrophysiological tests help differentiate between axonal and demyelinating damage. Laboratory tests are essential, as a&#xa0;cause can be identified in 50–80% of cases, with diabetes, alcohol abuse, and idiopathic polyneuropathies being common triggers. Additional tests, such as genetic studies, tumor screening, or nerve biopsies, are performed when specific suspicions arise.</p>

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Diagnostische Abklärung bei Polyneuropathie

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月31日

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  • Johannes Troger

摘要

Polyneuropathy is a common disorder of the peripheral nerves, primarily affecting older individuals. It manifests through sensory (e.g., tingling, pain, numbness), motor (muscle weakness, atrophy), and autonomic symptoms (e.g., circulatory issues, digestive disorders). The most common form is axonal polyneuropathy, while demyelinating forms are rarer but often treatable. Diagnosis is based on clinical examination, frequently revealing diminished reflexes and reduced vibration sensation. Electrophysiological tests help differentiate between axonal and demyelinating damage. Laboratory tests are essential, as a cause can be identified in 50–80% of cases, with diabetes, alcohol abuse, and idiopathic polyneuropathies being common triggers. Additional tests, such as genetic studies, tumor screening, or nerve biopsies, are performed when specific suspicions arise.