Gehirntumoren im Kindesalter – Beitrag der Psychiatrie

Pediatric brain tumors are the most common solid neoplasms and a significant cause of mortality in childhood, although modern treatment methods have significantly improved the survival rates for certain tumor types. Current research indicates that survivors of childhood brain tumors are at an increased risk of somatic and psychiatric disorders as well as neurocognitive impairments in adulthood. Given that a substantial portion of this population is affected by significant impairments due to psychiatric sequelae, specific treatment guidelines and recommendations for psychiatric practice are needed.

This case report describes an 18-year-old female patient who, following surgery for a pilocytic astrocytoma in early childhood, was treated in a psychiatric clinic for multiple psychiatric disorders. Neuropsychological evaluation revealed cognitive deficits, primarily in the areas of processing speed and language. The treatment included psychiatric medication management, psychotherapeutic interventions, and the support of a social worker. This case report highlights the necessity of an interdisciplinary, biopsychosocial approach to the care of pediatric brain tumor survivors, including regular neuropsychological assessment and targeted cognitive rehabilitation. Particularly for childhood brain tumors, attention should be paid to the complex interplay between biological and psychosocial factors when subsequent psychiatric symptoms occur.