Anti-Myelin-Oligodendrozyten-Glykoprotein-Antikörper-assoziierte Erkrankungen (MOGAD)

Demyelinating diseases with evidence of antibodies against myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) have a wide range of clinical presentations and affect all age groups. Diagnostic criteria are based on clinical symptoms, imaging, and the detection of anti-MOG antibodies in cell-based tests. Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is a common manifestation in childhood, whereas optic neuritis and myelitis predominate in adulthood. Differentiating these diseases associated with antibodies against MOG (anti-MOG antibody-associated diseases, MOGAD) from other demyelinating diseases is important for prognosis and therapy. Long-term immunosuppressive treatment is carried out with intravenous immunoglobulins, antimetabolites, B cell depletion or interleukin‑6 receptor antagonists.