Das Menschenbild in der modernen Verhaltenstherapie

Modern behaviour therapy is now in its third or fourth wave, with the classic “learning model” being expanded to include cognitive processes and the inclusion of emotional and mindfulness-based models, as well as the integration of (neuro-)biological processes and also the body (body-memory). In this respect, it is important to adapt the “human image” of modern behaviour therapy to these developments. In modern behaviour therapy, a person’s behavior and experience can be seen as the interaction and result of biological, psychological, (including cognitive, emotional, religious, and ethical aspects), social, and contextual (environmental conditions, behavioral conditions) factors. This is oriented on learning processes based on these factors since childhood or possibly even before (epigenetic), through which a basic personality with different competencies is developed. In the context of further life, development, adaptation and compensation processes take place based on this, as well as the confrontation with and processing of life crises and changes. According to this model, psychological problems arise as a result of learning processes in a similar way. Therapy is therefore based on the analysis of these factors and their change through new multifactorial learning processes.