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<p>Rupestrian fields are high-altitude environments with nutrient-poor soils, posing challenges for dioecious species like <i>Baccharis platypoda</i> DC. This study assessed leaf anatomy and chemical composition to explore variations related to environmental conditions and sex differences. Leaves from male and female individuals were collected in Serra do Cipó, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Anatomical and chemical analyses, including histochemical tests and chromatographic techniques, were performed to evaluate structural traits and compound profiles. Both sexes exhibited a uniseriate epidermis, dorsiventral mesophyll, and hypostomatic profile, with capitate glandular trichomes distributed on both surfaces, with abundant secretion observed predominantly on the abaxial side. Significant differences were observed between sexes in the thickness of the adaxial cuticle and epidermis, as well as in the proportions of palisade and spongy parenchyma. Histochemical tests detected various compounds in trichomes and secretions. Flavonoid content ranged from 5.95 to 7.50% relative to the dry weight of the crude extract, with higher values observed in female leaves. Chromatographic analyses annotated phenolic compounds, terpenes, and other less common classes. The findings highlight traits that may contribute to ecological success in nutrient-poor environments and reveal subtle sex-based anatomical and chemical differences. This study advances the understanding of the responses of dioecious species to challenging habitats and provides a basis for future ecological and biochemical research.</p>

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Insights into chemical profile and leaf anatomy in the dioecious species Baccharis platypoda: sex-related differences and environmental patterns

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月19日

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  • Fábio Cassola,
  • Guilherme Perez Pinheiro,
  • Carina de Araujo,
  • João Pedro Silvério Pena Bento,
  • Guilherme Almeida Garcia Rodrigues,
  • Alexandra Christine Helena Frankland Sawaya,
  • Alex Aparecido Rosini Silva,
  • Ingrid Koch,
  • Adilson Sartoratto,
  • Patrícia de Oliveira Carvalho,
  • Juliana Lischka Sampaio Mayer

摘要

Rupestrian fields are high-altitude environments with nutrient-poor soils, posing challenges for dioecious species like Baccharis platypoda DC. This study assessed leaf anatomy and chemical composition to explore variations related to environmental conditions and sex differences. Leaves from male and female individuals were collected in Serra do Cipó, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Anatomical and chemical analyses, including histochemical tests and chromatographic techniques, were performed to evaluate structural traits and compound profiles. Both sexes exhibited a uniseriate epidermis, dorsiventral mesophyll, and hypostomatic profile, with capitate glandular trichomes distributed on both surfaces, with abundant secretion observed predominantly on the abaxial side. Significant differences were observed between sexes in the thickness of the adaxial cuticle and epidermis, as well as in the proportions of palisade and spongy parenchyma. Histochemical tests detected various compounds in trichomes and secretions. Flavonoid content ranged from 5.95 to 7.50% relative to the dry weight of the crude extract, with higher values observed in female leaves. Chromatographic analyses annotated phenolic compounds, terpenes, and other less common classes. The findings highlight traits that may contribute to ecological success in nutrient-poor environments and reveal subtle sex-based anatomical and chemical differences. This study advances the understanding of the responses of dioecious species to challenging habitats and provides a basis for future ecological and biochemical research.