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<p>Cauliflower <i>Or</i> gene governs massive accumulation of β-carotene in the edible ‘curd’ portion. However, homozygous dominant (<i>OrOr</i>) plants accumulate higher β-carotene than heterozygous (<i>Oror</i>) individuals, yet this phenomenon has not been thoroughly elucidated in relation to chromoplast morphology. A study was performed in a complete randomised block design with three replicates, in which curd samples of homozygous orange (<i>OrOr</i>; CF<sub>Or-HM</sub>)<sub>,</sub> heterozygous orange (<i>Oror</i>; CF<sub>Or-HT</sub>) and white (<i>oror</i>; CF<sub>WT</sub>) genotypes were analysed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The number of chromoplasts in a cell and their morphology (shape and size) exhibited significant variation in the genotypes. In CF<sub>Or-HM</sub> genotypes, chromoplasts exhibited a membrane-like structure, but in CF<sub>Or-HT</sub>, they were small granules. The number of chromoplasts was significantly higher in CF<sub>Or-HM</sub> compared to CF<sub>Or-HT</sub>. The CF<sub>WT</sub> had leucoplasts instead of chromoplasts. The CF<sub>Or-HM</sub> (15.1 ± 0.1&#xa0;µg/g FW) had significantly higher β-carotene content than CF<sub>Or-HT</sub> (5.6 ± 0.3&#xa0;µg/g FW). Both CF<sub>Or-HM</sub> and CF<sub>Or-HT</sub> had 18 and 7 times higher β-carotene than the white counterpart CF<sub>WT</sub> (0.8 ± 0.1&#xa0;µg/g FW). The number and size of chromoplasts exhibit a strong correlation with the concentration of total carotenoids and β-carotene in the curd portion. This is the first systematic report on changes in chromoplast features associated <i>with Or</i>-gene zygosity in cauliflower.</p>

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Transmission electron microscopy reveals the impact of Or gene on chromoplast morphology and β-carotene accumulation in Or gene introgressed tropical cauliflower

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月29日

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  • Anamika Chandel,
  • Shrawan Singh

摘要

Cauliflower Or gene governs massive accumulation of β-carotene in the edible ‘curd’ portion. However, homozygous dominant (OrOr) plants accumulate higher β-carotene than heterozygous (Oror) individuals, yet this phenomenon has not been thoroughly elucidated in relation to chromoplast morphology. A study was performed in a complete randomised block design with three replicates, in which curd samples of homozygous orange (OrOr; CFOr-HM), heterozygous orange (Oror; CFOr-HT) and white (oror; CFWT) genotypes were analysed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The number of chromoplasts in a cell and their morphology (shape and size) exhibited significant variation in the genotypes. In CFOr-HM genotypes, chromoplasts exhibited a membrane-like structure, but in CFOr-HT, they were small granules. The number of chromoplasts was significantly higher in CFOr-HM compared to CFOr-HT. The CFWT had leucoplasts instead of chromoplasts. The CFOr-HM (15.1 ± 0.1 µg/g FW) had significantly higher β-carotene content than CFOr-HT (5.6 ± 0.3 µg/g FW). Both CFOr-HM and CFOr-HT had 18 and 7 times higher β-carotene than the white counterpart CFWT (0.8 ± 0.1 µg/g FW). The number and size of chromoplasts exhibit a strong correlation with the concentration of total carotenoids and β-carotene in the curd portion. This is the first systematic report on changes in chromoplast features associated with Or-gene zygosity in cauliflower.