<p>This study employs the finite element method to numerically simulate the equilibrium vortex states and critical state properties of defect-modulated superconducting thin films under stress-magnetic field coupling. The time-dependent Ginzburg–Landau equation is solved to characterize the pathways of vortex nucleation, penetration, and rearrangement towards static equilibrium configurations, revealing their intrinsic correlation with critical current properties. Numerical results indicate that, under an external magnetic field, static vortex structures with pronounced spatial dependence form in the superconductor, and their evolution sequence is strongly correlated with the magnetic field’s strength and direction. Notably, when the applied magnetic field deviates from the axial direction, the equilibrium vortex arrangement exhibits anisotropic properties. Systematic analysis under varying magnetic field inclinations yields quantitative data on vortex density distribution and reveals the symmetry-breaking phenomenon of the vortex lattice. Further analysis indicates that pre-strain conditions enhance the pinning potential gradient near defects by altering the coherence length and penetration depth, thereby stabilizing vortex configurations against depinning under highly tilted magnetic fields. The static boundary modulation effect on vortex arrangements under tilted fields is revealed, providing a foundation for predicting the current-carrying properties of superconducting materials in asymmetric magnetic field environments.</p>