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<p>In recent years, the effect of humidity on the electromechanical performance of viscoelastic dielectric elastomers has garnered significant attention; however, systematic studies on their nonlinear dynamics remain limited. This paper establishes a dynamic model of the dielectric elastomer system that accounts for humidity under pure shear conditions, based on the non-conservative Euler–Lagrange equation. Numerical simulations are conducted to investigate the static and dynamic characteristics of the dielectric elastomer system under direct current, ramp, and sinusoidal voltages. The results indicate that humidity significantly influences both the dielectric elastomer system’s total and inelastic stretch deformations and the action mechanism is different under different voltages. The effects of humidity on spring deformation under direct current voltage and resonance behavior under sinusoidal voltage are analyzed separately. Finally, the effects of humidity on the nonlinear vibrational response and stability of the system were investigated using the phase diagram and Poincaré phase diagram. This study provides a theoretical foundation for the design and application of dielectric elastomer actuators while considering the effects of humidity.</p>

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Effect of humidity on the static–dynamic electromechanical performance of viscoelastic dielectric elastomers in pure shear state

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月24日

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  • Guanghong Miao,
  • Shun Li,
  • Cheng Yuan,
  • Shiqiang Zhu,
  • Silu Zhao

摘要

In recent years, the effect of humidity on the electromechanical performance of viscoelastic dielectric elastomers has garnered significant attention; however, systematic studies on their nonlinear dynamics remain limited. This paper establishes a dynamic model of the dielectric elastomer system that accounts for humidity under pure shear conditions, based on the non-conservative Euler–Lagrange equation. Numerical simulations are conducted to investigate the static and dynamic characteristics of the dielectric elastomer system under direct current, ramp, and sinusoidal voltages. The results indicate that humidity significantly influences both the dielectric elastomer system’s total and inelastic stretch deformations and the action mechanism is different under different voltages. The effects of humidity on spring deformation under direct current voltage and resonance behavior under sinusoidal voltage are analyzed separately. Finally, the effects of humidity on the nonlinear vibrational response and stability of the system were investigated using the phase diagram and Poincaré phase diagram. This study provides a theoretical foundation for the design and application of dielectric elastomer actuators while considering the effects of humidity.