Continuum modeling of gas–particle flows: an overview

In this review paper, we provide a brief overview of the recent advances in the continuum modeling of gas–particle flows. First, we focus on the kinetic theory-based two-fluid models, which have become a valuable tool to investigate small-scale moderately dense turbulent gas–particle flows. Second, the continuum description is quite restrictive with respect to the maximum grid spacing, and large-scale simulations usually employ coarse mesh resolutions to keep the analyses practicable. Such coarse-graining inevitably neglects the small unresolved scales, which requires additional modeling. Here, filtered two-fluid models have been applied successfully to a variety gas–solid flow problems. Finally, we give a condensed outline about future research challenges for the continuum modeling of gas–particle flows.