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<p>Guangxi is located in the southern coastal area of China and features a subtropical monsoon climate. The interaction between the land and sea throughout the year results in intense evapotranspiration and significant spatiotemporal heterogeneity. However, constrained by the insufficiency of observational stations and related studies, the detailed evolution characteristics of the water cycle in Guangxi and the actual evapotranspiration (ET) patterns have not been fully clarified. Therefore, this study used a generalized nonlinear SGC model with both dry and wet boundary conditions to achieve actual ET calculations and applicability verification at multiple temporal scales including daily, monthly, and yearly in Guangxi from 1980 to 2018. In further, the quantitative contributions of climate and underlying surface driving factors to the evolution of actual ET in the study area were revealed. The results indicate that the actual ET in Guangxi calculated by the SGC model has good applicability and heterogeneity presentation ability in both temporal (involved annual, monthly and daily scales) and spatial aspects. In terms of magnitude, the multi-year average actual ET in Guangxi is 873.66&#xa0;mm, presenting an overall fluctuating downward trend with a decline rate of 2.58&#xa0;mm/a. In terms of intra-annual distribution, ET in Guangxi gradually increases from January to July or August and gradually decreases from August to December. In terms of spatial pattern, the actual ET in Guangxi shows a zonal characteristic of increasing from north to south, with obvious low-value centers in the central and northeastern regions. The contributions of driving factors to the evolution of ET in Guangxi exhibit significant differences at the different temporal scales. On a daily scale, the main driving factors are net radiation (55.0%), temperature (28.7%) and leaf area index (11.3%). On a monthly scale, the main driving factors are net radiation (84.8%) and specific humidity (23.3%). While on an annual scale, the contribution rate of the driving factors is significantly more homogeneous, with values of net radiation (29.86%), wind speed (24.03%), relative humidity (14.76%), precipitation (12.11%), temperature (11.76%) and air pressure (7.48%). Additionally, in high-altitude areas, net radiation is the predominant impact factor, while in plains and coastal areas, the influence of wind speed is more significant. Overall, this achievement can provide crucial scientific support for regional water cycle evolution, ecosystem responses to drought and flood, and precise and intelligent allocation of water resources.</p>

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Evapotranspiration Spatiotemporal evolution and its driving factors contribution analysis by SGC model of improved complementary correlation principle in Guangxi, China

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月13日

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  • Yunchuan Yang,
  • Jiaqi Yao,
  • Weiquan Wang,
  • Liping Liao,
  • Zongheng Li,
  • Tao Yan,
  • Yuxuan Zhou,
  • Chongxun Mo,
  • Xungui Li,
  • Guikai Sun

摘要

Guangxi is located in the southern coastal area of China and features a subtropical monsoon climate. The interaction between the land and sea throughout the year results in intense evapotranspiration and significant spatiotemporal heterogeneity. However, constrained by the insufficiency of observational stations and related studies, the detailed evolution characteristics of the water cycle in Guangxi and the actual evapotranspiration (ET) patterns have not been fully clarified. Therefore, this study used a generalized nonlinear SGC model with both dry and wet boundary conditions to achieve actual ET calculations and applicability verification at multiple temporal scales including daily, monthly, and yearly in Guangxi from 1980 to 2018. In further, the quantitative contributions of climate and underlying surface driving factors to the evolution of actual ET in the study area were revealed. The results indicate that the actual ET in Guangxi calculated by the SGC model has good applicability and heterogeneity presentation ability in both temporal (involved annual, monthly and daily scales) and spatial aspects. In terms of magnitude, the multi-year average actual ET in Guangxi is 873.66 mm, presenting an overall fluctuating downward trend with a decline rate of 2.58 mm/a. In terms of intra-annual distribution, ET in Guangxi gradually increases from January to July or August and gradually decreases from August to December. In terms of spatial pattern, the actual ET in Guangxi shows a zonal characteristic of increasing from north to south, with obvious low-value centers in the central and northeastern regions. The contributions of driving factors to the evolution of ET in Guangxi exhibit significant differences at the different temporal scales. On a daily scale, the main driving factors are net radiation (55.0%), temperature (28.7%) and leaf area index (11.3%). On a monthly scale, the main driving factors are net radiation (84.8%) and specific humidity (23.3%). While on an annual scale, the contribution rate of the driving factors is significantly more homogeneous, with values of net radiation (29.86%), wind speed (24.03%), relative humidity (14.76%), precipitation (12.11%), temperature (11.76%) and air pressure (7.48%). Additionally, in high-altitude areas, net radiation is the predominant impact factor, while in plains and coastal areas, the influence of wind speed is more significant. Overall, this achievement can provide crucial scientific support for regional water cycle evolution, ecosystem responses to drought and flood, and precise and intelligent allocation of water resources.