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<p>Drought is a natural calamity with serious consequences for the economy, agriculture, environment, and society. Tamil Nadu, included in the Drought Prone Areas Programme (DPAP), has 80 vulnerable blocks in seventeen districts. The Arjunanadhi sub-basin experiences high temperatures, with drought occurring once every five years. As per the Water Resources Department, the Virudhunagar, Sivakasi, Sattur, Aruppukottai, and Kariyapatti blocks of Virudhunagar and Madurai districts fall under the Arjunanadhi and Kousiganadhi sub-basins, which form the study area. Hydrological drought was assessed using the Streamflow Drought Index (SDI) and Groundwater Resource Index (GRI), derived from streamflow and groundwater level data, respectively. SDI was computed using DrinC software, while GRI-based drought severity maps were prepared in ArcMap 10.3. Results indicate that all blocks experienced mild to severe drought conditions under GRI, whereas SDI reflected near-normal to wet conditions. Contrasting GRI and SDI values underscore the critical need for integrated surface and groundwater management, as disparities reveal imbalances in resource use and missed opportunities for conjunctive management. Drought proneness persisted in 2014 and 2015 despite available streamflow, indicating structural and policy gaps in water resource utilization. The study recommends medium-term drought-proofing measures and long-term strategies, including interlinking of nearby river basins, to ensure water security. Findings provide valuable insights for monitoring drought, formulating preparedness plans, and implementing sustainable water management practices through coordinated use of surface and groundwater systems.</p>

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Hydrological drought assessment using drought indices in semi arid zones of Vaippar river sub basins, Tamil Nadu, India

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月17日

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  • Pandiya Rajhan Govindasamy Kannan,
  • Ravikumar Govindasamy,
  • Vijay Aravinth Radhika Panchabikesan

摘要

Drought is a natural calamity with serious consequences for the economy, agriculture, environment, and society. Tamil Nadu, included in the Drought Prone Areas Programme (DPAP), has 80 vulnerable blocks in seventeen districts. The Arjunanadhi sub-basin experiences high temperatures, with drought occurring once every five years. As per the Water Resources Department, the Virudhunagar, Sivakasi, Sattur, Aruppukottai, and Kariyapatti blocks of Virudhunagar and Madurai districts fall under the Arjunanadhi and Kousiganadhi sub-basins, which form the study area. Hydrological drought was assessed using the Streamflow Drought Index (SDI) and Groundwater Resource Index (GRI), derived from streamflow and groundwater level data, respectively. SDI was computed using DrinC software, while GRI-based drought severity maps were prepared in ArcMap 10.3. Results indicate that all blocks experienced mild to severe drought conditions under GRI, whereas SDI reflected near-normal to wet conditions. Contrasting GRI and SDI values underscore the critical need for integrated surface and groundwater management, as disparities reveal imbalances in resource use and missed opportunities for conjunctive management. Drought proneness persisted in 2014 and 2015 despite available streamflow, indicating structural and policy gaps in water resource utilization. The study recommends medium-term drought-proofing measures and long-term strategies, including interlinking of nearby river basins, to ensure water security. Findings provide valuable insights for monitoring drought, formulating preparedness plans, and implementing sustainable water management practices through coordinated use of surface and groundwater systems.