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<p>Rapid urbanization has significantly modified the urban landscape, which has significant climatic repercussions. This study explores the spatio-temporal fluctuation of Land Surface Temperature (LST) and vegetation dynamics in the Vadodara urban area, Gujarat, using MODIS satellite data and Google Earth Engine (GEE) from 2004 to 2024. Seasonal patterns were assessed during the pre-monsoon (March–May) and post-monsoon (October–December) periods. Results show a reduction in daytime LST (from 41.93&#xa0;°C in 2004 to 37.72&#xa0;°C in 2024 pre-monsoon) due to increasing vegetation, confirmed by NDVI values. In contrast, nighttime LST increased (from 25.06&#xa0;°C to 25.78&#xa0;°C pre-monsoon and 18.69&#xa0;°C to 21.09&#xa0;°C post-monsoon), indicating heightened nighttime heat retention in urban cores. NDVI trends suggest increased vegetation in peri-urban zones. This observation highlights the increasing night time Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect and the importance of vegetation in alleviating urban thermal stress. The research shows that remote sensing tools have the potential to contribute to sustainable urban planning and climate adaptation strategies. These insights are useful to city planners, environmental managers, and policymakers in future urban planning to build climate-responsive infrastructure amid rapid expansion of urban regions.</p>

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Assessing a two decadal thermal landscape transformation in expanding city of Vadodara, Gujarat using MODIS and GEE

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月14日

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  • Kandarp Parmar,
  • Bindu Bhatt

摘要

Rapid urbanization has significantly modified the urban landscape, which has significant climatic repercussions. This study explores the spatio-temporal fluctuation of Land Surface Temperature (LST) and vegetation dynamics in the Vadodara urban area, Gujarat, using MODIS satellite data and Google Earth Engine (GEE) from 2004 to 2024. Seasonal patterns were assessed during the pre-monsoon (March–May) and post-monsoon (October–December) periods. Results show a reduction in daytime LST (from 41.93 °C in 2004 to 37.72 °C in 2024 pre-monsoon) due to increasing vegetation, confirmed by NDVI values. In contrast, nighttime LST increased (from 25.06 °C to 25.78 °C pre-monsoon and 18.69 °C to 21.09 °C post-monsoon), indicating heightened nighttime heat retention in urban cores. NDVI trends suggest increased vegetation in peri-urban zones. This observation highlights the increasing night time Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect and the importance of vegetation in alleviating urban thermal stress. The research shows that remote sensing tools have the potential to contribute to sustainable urban planning and climate adaptation strategies. These insights are useful to city planners, environmental managers, and policymakers in future urban planning to build climate-responsive infrastructure amid rapid expansion of urban regions.