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<p>Drought is a prolonged period of abnormally low rainfall, leading to a shortage of water that adversely affects ecosystems, agriculture, and water supply for human consumption and industrial use. The ramifications of drought are multifaceted and severe. Ecologically, it can lead to habitat degradation, loss of biodiversity, and increased vulnerability of species to diseases and predation. With global climate warming, drought has become a research hotpot for scientists worldwide. Monthly precipitation and temperature data of 56 metrological stations were utilized to calculate the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration index (SPEI) over a period of 50 years (1974–2023) on the eastern and western sides of the Taihang Mountains area, China. To explore the spatiotemporal evolution of drought characteristics, we employed the Theil-Sen slope estimator, Mann–Kendall trend tests, and wavelet transform analyses. The key findings were as following: (1) Both SPI and SPEI indices revealed significant downward trends throughout the Taihang Mountains region, highlighting an overall intensification of drought conditions. The western side showed more severe drought stress compared to the eastern side, even as precipitation increased, suggesting the influence of additional factors. (2) Drought frequency and intensity exhibited a general upward trend, with notable shifts in drought severity over time, moving gradually from the eastern side to the western side of the region. This spatial shift reflected the dynamic and uneven nature of drought impacts in the area. (3) The analysis also identified pronounced interannual variability and interdecadal shifts in drought characteristics, with longer periodicities detected on the western side, indicating a greater likelihood of sustained dry periods in this area. These patterns underscore the complexity of drought behavior across different temporal and spatial scales. These findings provided insights into the evolving drought dynamics of the Taihang Mountains, emphasizing the need for tailored drought mitigation strategies and sustainable water resource management in the region.</p>

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Spatiotemporal drought analysis by the standardized precipitation index (SPI) and standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI) on the Eastern and Western sides of the Taihang mountains area, China

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月3日

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  • Mengyu Liu,
  • Jie Cheng

摘要

Drought is a prolonged period of abnormally low rainfall, leading to a shortage of water that adversely affects ecosystems, agriculture, and water supply for human consumption and industrial use. The ramifications of drought are multifaceted and severe. Ecologically, it can lead to habitat degradation, loss of biodiversity, and increased vulnerability of species to diseases and predation. With global climate warming, drought has become a research hotpot for scientists worldwide. Monthly precipitation and temperature data of 56 metrological stations were utilized to calculate the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration index (SPEI) over a period of 50 years (1974–2023) on the eastern and western sides of the Taihang Mountains area, China. To explore the spatiotemporal evolution of drought characteristics, we employed the Theil-Sen slope estimator, Mann–Kendall trend tests, and wavelet transform analyses. The key findings were as following: (1) Both SPI and SPEI indices revealed significant downward trends throughout the Taihang Mountains region, highlighting an overall intensification of drought conditions. The western side showed more severe drought stress compared to the eastern side, even as precipitation increased, suggesting the influence of additional factors. (2) Drought frequency and intensity exhibited a general upward trend, with notable shifts in drought severity over time, moving gradually from the eastern side to the western side of the region. This spatial shift reflected the dynamic and uneven nature of drought impacts in the area. (3) The analysis also identified pronounced interannual variability and interdecadal shifts in drought characteristics, with longer periodicities detected on the western side, indicating a greater likelihood of sustained dry periods in this area. These patterns underscore the complexity of drought behavior across different temporal and spatial scales. These findings provided insights into the evolving drought dynamics of the Taihang Mountains, emphasizing the need for tailored drought mitigation strategies and sustainable water resource management in the region.