<p>The assessment of tea planting suitability holds significant value in enhancing tea yield and quality, reducing production costs, mitigating adverse environmental impacts, and fostering sustainable development of the tea industry. Most existing studies primarily consider the annual average temperature as an important indicator for assessing tea cultivation suitability. However, few scholars have simultaneously accounted for both the long-term and short-term effects on tea growth, incorporating extreme temperatures into the evaluation framework. In this study, building upon the selection of the annual average temperature, we further consider the impact of extreme temperatures on tea growth by including the annual average maximum and minimum temperatures in the evaluation framework, thereby enabling a more effective quantification of tea cultivation suitability. This study selects the Ecological and Cultural Tourism Circle in Western Hubei as the research area, employing a suitability evaluation framework comprising eight factors across three dimensions—climate, soil, and terrain. Spatial analysis and visualization using GIS are integrated to obtain a comprehensive assessment of tea planting suitability within the Ecological and Cultural Tourism Circle in Western Hubei. The results indicate that tea cultivation suitability in the Ecological and Cultural Tourism Circle in Western Hubei is generally high, with low suitable areas covering the largest proportion. The proportions of highly suitable, moderately suitable, low suitable, and unsuitable areas are 15.63%, 40.10%, 40.48% and 3.79%. Spatially, highly suitable areas are primarily located in the western part of the circle, concentrated mainly in Shiyan and central Yichang, as well as in most regions of Enshi. Moderately suitable areas are predominantly found in the eastern part of the circle, including the surroundings of Xiangyang and Jingmen, central Suizhou, and eastern Jingzhou. Low suitable areas are widely distributed in the central part, encompassing Xiangyang, Jingmen, and central Jingzhou. Unsuitable areas are mainly situated at high elevations along the borders of various cities and counties in the western Ecological and Cultural Tourism Circle, such as Shennongjia Forest District, northern Shiyan, and the border areas between Yichang and Enshi. This study aids farmers in selecting the most suitable lands and regions for tea cultivation, determining optimal planting layouts and management practices, and provides crucial information for government agencies to effectively plan tea planting regions and optimize land resource allocation.</p>