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<p>Urbanization over time has changed the land surface energy balance in urban areas and led to greater spatial-temporal heterogeneity in the thermal environment. This study sought to calculate and evaluate the Heat Mitigation Index (HMI) in the metropolitan area of Shiraz using the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs (InVEST) Urban Cooling Module (UCM). The model execution required data including Land Use/Land Cover (LULC), evapotranspiration, shade, albedo, crop coefficient (Kc), reference air temperature, urban heat island intensity, mixing height, and maximum distance to cooling patches.Firstly, the LULC map of the study area was prepared based on the local climate zone (LCZ) classification method. The UCM model was then employed to allocate the aforementioned parameters, facilitating the spatial calculation of the HMI index within the designated study landscape.The results of the spatial HMI pattern analysis revealed that 27% of the study area exhibited highly favorable Cooling Capacity (CC) conditions, characterized by HMI values ranging from 0.8 to 1. In contrast, 56% of the landscape demonstrated low HMI values, ranging from 0 to 0.5, indicating an inadequate capacity to reduce temperatures. Statistical evaluations further revealed a maximum urban heat island intensity of 2.98&#xa0;°C, which corresponded to region 6, which was dominated by dense orchards and trees. In contrast, loosely built, low-rise buildings with 0.11 CC potential could only mitigate temperature by 1.06&#xa0;°C.Consequently, the development of green infrastructure and the utilization of suitable plant species in urban spaces has emerged as one of the most prevalent ecosystem-based adaptation actions for microclimate regulation and heat island mitigation.</p>

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Investigation of the impact of green infrastructure on reducing the urban heat load using the InVEST model: a case study of Shiraz city, Iran

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月14日

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  • Faeze Shoja,
  • Zohreh Roki,
  • Aliakbar Shamsipour

摘要

Urbanization over time has changed the land surface energy balance in urban areas and led to greater spatial-temporal heterogeneity in the thermal environment. This study sought to calculate and evaluate the Heat Mitigation Index (HMI) in the metropolitan area of Shiraz using the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs (InVEST) Urban Cooling Module (UCM). The model execution required data including Land Use/Land Cover (LULC), evapotranspiration, shade, albedo, crop coefficient (Kc), reference air temperature, urban heat island intensity, mixing height, and maximum distance to cooling patches.Firstly, the LULC map of the study area was prepared based on the local climate zone (LCZ) classification method. The UCM model was then employed to allocate the aforementioned parameters, facilitating the spatial calculation of the HMI index within the designated study landscape.The results of the spatial HMI pattern analysis revealed that 27% of the study area exhibited highly favorable Cooling Capacity (CC) conditions, characterized by HMI values ranging from 0.8 to 1. In contrast, 56% of the landscape demonstrated low HMI values, ranging from 0 to 0.5, indicating an inadequate capacity to reduce temperatures. Statistical evaluations further revealed a maximum urban heat island intensity of 2.98 °C, which corresponded to region 6, which was dominated by dense orchards and trees. In contrast, loosely built, low-rise buildings with 0.11 CC potential could only mitigate temperature by 1.06 °C.Consequently, the development of green infrastructure and the utilization of suitable plant species in urban spaces has emerged as one of the most prevalent ecosystem-based adaptation actions for microclimate regulation and heat island mitigation.