Formulation and evaluation of the radius of maximum wind of the tropical cyclones over the North Indian Ocean basin

Tropical Cyclones (TCs) have devastating effects on several coastal regions worldwide. Accurate estimation of TC characteristics such as wind direction, wind speed, eye, rainfall bands, and radius of maximum wind helps to understand the evolution of TCs throughout their life cycle and plays an essential role in mitigating TC impact. Existing literature has focused on TC wind direction, intensity, cloud shape, and eye, but there has been limited research on the estimation of the Radius of Maximum Wind (RMW). An accurate estimate of RMW helps in identifying the regions where TC’s strongest wind and most intense cooling of the ocean occur. In this study, our objective is to formulate a method to determine the value of the RMW over the North Indian Ocean (NIO), this region has been chosen as it has the Bay of Bengal and the Arabian Sea which are one of the six globally prominent areas prone to TCs. Our study is on the relationship between the center of the TC, the estimated pressure drop at the center, and the RMW, using historical observations and mathematical correlations. We validate the accuracy of our developed method using three statistical measures: error percentage, t-test, and root mean square error. Our findings indicate that our method exhibits a mean absolute error percentage ranging from approximately \(6\%\) $6\%$ to \(32\%\) $32\%$ , whereas the formulation of RMW from other studies has a mean absolute error range of \(13\%\) $13\%$ to \(128\%\) $128\%$ concerning IMD best track data.