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<p>The characteristics of meteorological conditions, surface radiation budget, and turbulent fluxes over variable snow cover during November 2019 were examined using tower-based micrometeorological observations and eddy-covariance measurements in Fujin, a rural site in Northeast China. During two snowfall events, the daily mean snow depth ranged from 0 to 13&#xa0;cm, with processes of snow melting and aging observed. Atmospheric dynamic parameters within the near-surface layer, including wind speed, wind shear, friction velocity, and turbulent kinetic energy, were enhanced over snow cover, particularly for fresh and deep snow, which was attributed to a smaller roughness length of such snow cover. Over snow covered areas, the near-surface thermal stratification tended to be neutral during the daytime and stable at nighttime. During the snow-melting period, the near-surface relative humidity inversion layer disappeared, replaced by higher relative humidity in the lower levels. Due to the cooling effect of snow melting, daytime sensible heat fluxes occasionally exhibited negative values. The impacts of variable snow cover on micrometeorological conditions are complex and should be considered in studies of the atmospheric environment and air pollution in Northeast China.</p>

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Characteristics of micrometeorological conditions and turbulent transfer over variable snow cover during two snowfall events in Northeast China

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月6日

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  • Boshi Kang,
  • Xiaolan Li,
  • Hujia Zhao,
  • Qingyu Jia,
  • Lu Li,
  • Shuai Zhang,
  • Yangfeng Wang,
  • Liguang Li,
  • Rihong Wen

摘要

The characteristics of meteorological conditions, surface radiation budget, and turbulent fluxes over variable snow cover during November 2019 were examined using tower-based micrometeorological observations and eddy-covariance measurements in Fujin, a rural site in Northeast China. During two snowfall events, the daily mean snow depth ranged from 0 to 13 cm, with processes of snow melting and aging observed. Atmospheric dynamic parameters within the near-surface layer, including wind speed, wind shear, friction velocity, and turbulent kinetic energy, were enhanced over snow cover, particularly for fresh and deep snow, which was attributed to a smaller roughness length of such snow cover. Over snow covered areas, the near-surface thermal stratification tended to be neutral during the daytime and stable at nighttime. During the snow-melting period, the near-surface relative humidity inversion layer disappeared, replaced by higher relative humidity in the lower levels. Due to the cooling effect of snow melting, daytime sensible heat fluxes occasionally exhibited negative values. The impacts of variable snow cover on micrometeorological conditions are complex and should be considered in studies of the atmospheric environment and air pollution in Northeast China.