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<p>Severe Cyclonic Storm (SCS) DANA (2024) posed immense challenges for operational agencies in accurately forecasting tropical cyclone (TC) characteristics as it approached land. In this study, the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model is employed with a nested 9/3 km resolution to examine interactions between DANA’s core and its surrounding environment during its final 48&#xa0;h. The nudged simulation accurately reproduces DANA’s track, intensity, and translation speed, validating its suitability for a detailed study of the effect of dry air intrusion in TC core erosion. Results indicate that DANA became entrapped between two anticyclonic circulations situated over northwest India and Myanmar, respectively. The North-West Anticyclone (NWAC), centered in the mid-troposphere (600–300&#xa0;hPa), advected dry air from desert regions west of India into the storm’s core, as confirmed by Lagrangian trajectory analysis. This dry-air intrusion eroded deep convection in DANA’s southwestern quadrant. Concurrently, the cyclone’s asymmetric wind field induced vortex tilt, further inhibiting intensification. From the wave number − 1 asymmetric analysis, it is evident that the convection is continuously getting weaker in the southwestern sector of the TC. Due to opposing large-scale environmental flows from both anticyclones and continuous degradation of the core and associated convection, the TC’s translational speed is restricted and significantly slowed down as it approaches landfall. The findings of this study will further enhance the understanding of improving TC prediction as it approaches land regions and improve the early warning systems of the North Indian Ocean (NIO) basins.</p>

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Investigation of unique landfall attributes of cyclone DANA over the Eastern Coast of India: role of large-scale environment and dry-air intrusion

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月13日

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  • Adrish Banerjee,
  • Sandeep Pattnaik,
  • Sankhasubhra Chakraborty,
  • Vijay Vishwakarma

摘要

Severe Cyclonic Storm (SCS) DANA (2024) posed immense challenges for operational agencies in accurately forecasting tropical cyclone (TC) characteristics as it approached land. In this study, the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model is employed with a nested 9/3 km resolution to examine interactions between DANA’s core and its surrounding environment during its final 48 h. The nudged simulation accurately reproduces DANA’s track, intensity, and translation speed, validating its suitability for a detailed study of the effect of dry air intrusion in TC core erosion. Results indicate that DANA became entrapped between two anticyclonic circulations situated over northwest India and Myanmar, respectively. The North-West Anticyclone (NWAC), centered in the mid-troposphere (600–300 hPa), advected dry air from desert regions west of India into the storm’s core, as confirmed by Lagrangian trajectory analysis. This dry-air intrusion eroded deep convection in DANA’s southwestern quadrant. Concurrently, the cyclone’s asymmetric wind field induced vortex tilt, further inhibiting intensification. From the wave number − 1 asymmetric analysis, it is evident that the convection is continuously getting weaker in the southwestern sector of the TC. Due to opposing large-scale environmental flows from both anticyclones and continuous degradation of the core and associated convection, the TC’s translational speed is restricted and significantly slowed down as it approaches landfall. The findings of this study will further enhance the understanding of improving TC prediction as it approaches land regions and improve the early warning systems of the North Indian Ocean (NIO) basins.