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<p>Digital media are increasingly present in the daily lives of young children (0–5&#xa0;years), in the family context of private households as well as in institutional childcare settings. This progressively earlier media use is influenced by various factors, including technological advances (such as the intuitive usability of digital devices), parental media use, socioeconomic status, and the high availability of digital offers. Empirical findings indicate significant risks to key developmental areas in early childhood. The negative effects include sleep, nutrition, language development, attention, impulse control, motor skills, and parent–child interaction. Neurobiological evidence further suggests changes associated with early and intensive screen usage. These insights lead to practical recommendations for parents and professionals working with young children: screen-free time for children up to 3&#xa0;years, time-limited and guided use during the preschool age, promotion of nondigital activities, and reduction of parental media use in the presence of children. Additionally, quality standards for early childhood education, as well as societal and political measures, are considered necessary. These include informative and empowering media education for parents and professionals, regulation of digital offers (no advertising targeting 0‑ to 5‑year-olds, media-free public zones, mandatory labeling of all screen devices as “not suitable for children aged 0–3”), and the promotion of further research. Since there is currently no adequate diagnostic option for problematic media use in the age&#xa0;0–5, the diagnosis “Early Digital Media Regulatory Disorder” (EDMRD) is proposed and recommended. A&#xa0;diagnostic heuristic and items from a&#xa0;questionnaire currently under development for EDMR are presented.</p>

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Digitale Medien im frühen Kindesalter: Entwicklungsrisiken und Implikationen für Prävention und Diagnostik

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月12日

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  • Frank W. Paulus,
  • Skadi Hagen,
  • Eva Möhler,
  • Volker Mall

摘要

Digital media are increasingly present in the daily lives of young children (0–5 years), in the family context of private households as well as in institutional childcare settings. This progressively earlier media use is influenced by various factors, including technological advances (such as the intuitive usability of digital devices), parental media use, socioeconomic status, and the high availability of digital offers. Empirical findings indicate significant risks to key developmental areas in early childhood. The negative effects include sleep, nutrition, language development, attention, impulse control, motor skills, and parent–child interaction. Neurobiological evidence further suggests changes associated with early and intensive screen usage. These insights lead to practical recommendations for parents and professionals working with young children: screen-free time for children up to 3 years, time-limited and guided use during the preschool age, promotion of nondigital activities, and reduction of parental media use in the presence of children. Additionally, quality standards for early childhood education, as well as societal and political measures, are considered necessary. These include informative and empowering media education for parents and professionals, regulation of digital offers (no advertising targeting 0‑ to 5‑year-olds, media-free public zones, mandatory labeling of all screen devices as “not suitable for children aged 0–3”), and the promotion of further research. Since there is currently no adequate diagnostic option for problematic media use in the age 0–5, the diagnosis “Early Digital Media Regulatory Disorder” (EDMRD) is proposed and recommended. A diagnostic heuristic and items from a questionnaire currently under development for EDMR are presented.