Die (sogenannten) sozialen Medien – Chancen und Risiken im Verhältnis von Mensch und Technik
摘要
Digital media are profoundly transforming the ways in which we perceive, think, communicate and access information. The use of digital social media has become an integral part of everyday life in contemporary society, encompassing not only adults but also children and adolescents, who increasingly engage with these platforms during leisure time and, more recently, within educational settings. The communication patterns of both adults and children have shifted substantially into the digital sphere, a trend accelerated by technological innovations such as the smartphone and further intensified by the COVID-19 pandemic. Children and adolescents employ social media in diverse ways, driven by the numerous advantages these platforms offer, including low-threshold access to information, opportunities for creativity and entertainment, global connectivity and enhanced well-being through perceived social connectedness. At the same time, the risks associated with social media use are becoming increasingly evident. These include social media use disorder, phubbing, smartphone-related accident risks, fear of missing out (FOMO), no mobile phone phobia (nomophobia), misinformation through fake news and deepfakes, impacts on body image, cybergrooming, exposure to online pornography, cyberbullying, engagement with hazardous internet challenges and parasocial relationships with artificial intelligence (AI)-based chatbots. This spectrum of potential hazards underscores the daily exposure of children and adolescents to complex psychosocial and behavioral risks in digital environments. In response, the promotion of media literacy, alongside universal, selective and indicated behavioral prevention measures targeting young users and their caregivers, is essential. These efforts should be complemented by structural prevention strategies at the policy level, reflecting a comprehensive, multilayered approach to mitigating risks associated with digital media use.