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<p>Children and adolescents with severe neurological impairment represent a&#xa0;particularly vulnerable group in pediatrics. Lower respiratory tract infections are a&#xa0;leading cause of hospitalization, morbidity, and mortality in this population. Contributing factors include impaired cough, secretion retention, microaspiration, structural lung damage, and frequent colonization with potentially resistant pathogens. Nonspecific symptoms and limited imaging utility often hamper diagnosis. Management focuses on symptomatic treatment, respiratory therapy, and guideline-based targeted antibiotic use. An aminopenicillin plus β‑lactamase inhibitor is recommended initially, with escalation to piperacillin/tazobactam in complicated cases. Antibiotic stewardship, vaccination, and interdisciplinary care are key. Given the limited evidence base, further studies and specialized care structures are needed to meet the complex needs of this growing patient group.</p>

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Atemwegsinfektionen bei Kindern mit schwerer neurologischer Beeinträchtigung

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月25日

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  • Maximilian Mauritz

摘要

Children and adolescents with severe neurological impairment represent a particularly vulnerable group in pediatrics. Lower respiratory tract infections are a leading cause of hospitalization, morbidity, and mortality in this population. Contributing factors include impaired cough, secretion retention, microaspiration, structural lung damage, and frequent colonization with potentially resistant pathogens. Nonspecific symptoms and limited imaging utility often hamper diagnosis. Management focuses on symptomatic treatment, respiratory therapy, and guideline-based targeted antibiotic use. An aminopenicillin plus β‑lactamase inhibitor is recommended initially, with escalation to piperacillin/tazobactam in complicated cases. Antibiotic stewardship, vaccination, and interdisciplinary care are key. Given the limited evidence base, further studies and specialized care structures are needed to meet the complex needs of this growing patient group.