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<p>Yellow Camellias are rare and endangered plants of high economic value. However, phylogeny reconstruction of yellow Camellias varies in methods and tissues, and the intraspecies relationships among them remain controversial. In this study, we de novo assembled transcriptomes of flower and leaf tissues from 22 species of yellow Camellias. We reconstructed phylogenetic trees within yellow Camellias based on 68 low-copy orthologous groups (containing 1,496&#xa0;genes) highly expressed in flower tissues, and 51 low-copy orthologous groups (containing 1,122&#xa0;genes) highly expressed in leaf tissues. We found a relatively consistent but nevertheless incongruent taxonomic relationship between the flower- and leaf-phylogenetic trees. Furthermore, we identified 21 and 15 orthologous groups under positive selection pressure in flower and leaf tissue-specific genes, respectively. This suggests that tissue-specific selection pressure may contribute to the taxonomic incongruence between the flower- and leaf-derived phylogenetic trees. Our analysis provides insights into the classification and evolution of yellow Camellias based on tissue expression pattern, which will be beneficial for the efficient conservation and utilization of these plants.</p>

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Phylotranscriptomic analysis reveals taxonomic incongruence in flowers and leaves among yellow Camellia species

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月14日

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  • Xiaolan Rao,
  • Shengli Yang,
  • Limei Liu,
  • Yongbiao Deng,
  • Shengfeng Chai,
  • Bo Zhao

摘要

Yellow Camellias are rare and endangered plants of high economic value. However, phylogeny reconstruction of yellow Camellias varies in methods and tissues, and the intraspecies relationships among them remain controversial. In this study, we de novo assembled transcriptomes of flower and leaf tissues from 22 species of yellow Camellias. We reconstructed phylogenetic trees within yellow Camellias based on 68 low-copy orthologous groups (containing 1,496 genes) highly expressed in flower tissues, and 51 low-copy orthologous groups (containing 1,122 genes) highly expressed in leaf tissues. We found a relatively consistent but nevertheless incongruent taxonomic relationship between the flower- and leaf-phylogenetic trees. Furthermore, we identified 21 and 15 orthologous groups under positive selection pressure in flower and leaf tissue-specific genes, respectively. This suggests that tissue-specific selection pressure may contribute to the taxonomic incongruence between the flower- and leaf-derived phylogenetic trees. Our analysis provides insights into the classification and evolution of yellow Camellias based on tissue expression pattern, which will be beneficial for the efficient conservation and utilization of these plants.