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<p>A highly sensitive fluorescent lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) was developed for SARS‑CoV‑2 IgG detection. Polystyrene (PS) microspheres were synthesized via emulsion polymerization, doped with dipyridamole (Dip), and coated with a protective silica (SiO<sub>2</sub>) shell through a sol–gel process. After amine functionalization, the SARS‑CoV‑2 nucleocapsid (N) protein was covalently immobilized onto the microsphere surface using EDC/NHS chemistry, yielding PS@Dip@SiO<sub>2</sub>–N fluorescent probes. The LFIA strip enabled one‑step detection within 15&#xa0;min. Under optimized conditions (N protein conjugation concentration of 40&#xa0;µg/mL), the strip showed excellent specificity with no cross‑reactivity against other human coronaviruses (NL63, OC43, 229E). Quantitative determination based on the T/C grayscale ratio fitted the Hill equation (R² = 0.9782). The detection limit for SARS‑CoV‑2 IgG was 10 ng/mL, approximately two orders of magnitude lower than that of a commercial colloidal gold‑based LFIA strip. This platform provides a rapid, sensitive, and low‑cost solution for point‑of‑care serological screening of COVID‑19.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Highly sensitive fluorescent lateral flow immunoassay based on core–shell PS@Dip@SiO2 microspheres for SARS-CoV-2 IgG detection

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月28日

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  • Juan Sun,
  • Zheng Nie,
  • Fangjun Wu,
  • Fujie Lai,
  • Shaoyang Chen,
  • Yang Wang,
  • Yong Jiang

摘要

A highly sensitive fluorescent lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) was developed for SARS‑CoV‑2 IgG detection. Polystyrene (PS) microspheres were synthesized via emulsion polymerization, doped with dipyridamole (Dip), and coated with a protective silica (SiO2) shell through a sol–gel process. After amine functionalization, the SARS‑CoV‑2 nucleocapsid (N) protein was covalently immobilized onto the microsphere surface using EDC/NHS chemistry, yielding PS@Dip@SiO2–N fluorescent probes. The LFIA strip enabled one‑step detection within 15 min. Under optimized conditions (N protein conjugation concentration of 40 µg/mL), the strip showed excellent specificity with no cross‑reactivity against other human coronaviruses (NL63, OC43, 229E). Quantitative determination based on the T/C grayscale ratio fitted the Hill equation (R² = 0.9782). The detection limit for SARS‑CoV‑2 IgG was 10 ng/mL, approximately two orders of magnitude lower than that of a commercial colloidal gold‑based LFIA strip. This platform provides a rapid, sensitive, and low‑cost solution for point‑of‑care serological screening of COVID‑19.

Graphical abstract