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<p>Colorless ammonia vapor has played a crucial role as an intermediate in various industrial processes. However, exposure to ammonia causes organ damages or even death. In this context, a colorimetric ammonia detector was prepared using an eco-friendly poly(lactic acid)-<i>co</i>-polycaprolactone membrane. Using the scanning electron microscopic (SEM) images, the diameter of the poly(lactic acid)-<i>co</i>-polycaprolactone nanofibers was determined to be 160–305&#xa0;nm. Betalain (BLN) is a natural spectroscopic probe found in beetroot (<i>Beta vulgaris</i> L.). The betalain dyestuff was immobilized within the nanofibrous membrane using a mordant (potassium aluminum sulfate), resulting in mordant/betalain (M/BLN) coordinated complex nanoparticles. Using transmission electron microscopic (TEM) images, the diameters of M/BLN nanoparticles were monitored in the range 6–22&#xa0;nm. Exposure to ammonia caused a rapid colorimetric change in the betalain-containing membrane from red to yellow, which was proved by using absorbance spectra and the CIE Lab colorimetric parameters. This color change is attributed to an intramolecular charge delocalization on the BLN molecule. Ammonia caused a hypsochromic behavior in the absorbance spectra from 601&#xa0;nm to 426&#xa0;nm, designating an isosbestic wavelength of 491&#xa0;nm. The poly(lactic acid)-<i>co</i>-polycaprolactone membrane has shown a detection limit of 1-250 ppm NH<sub>3</sub>.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Development of betalain-immobilized poly(lactic acid)-co-polycaprolactone nanofibrous membrane for detection of NH3 gas at room temperature

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月22日

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  • Maryam Aldoghaim,
  • Salhah D. Al-Qahtani,
  • Ghadah M. Al-Senani

摘要

Colorless ammonia vapor has played a crucial role as an intermediate in various industrial processes. However, exposure to ammonia causes organ damages or even death. In this context, a colorimetric ammonia detector was prepared using an eco-friendly poly(lactic acid)-co-polycaprolactone membrane. Using the scanning electron microscopic (SEM) images, the diameter of the poly(lactic acid)-co-polycaprolactone nanofibers was determined to be 160–305 nm. Betalain (BLN) is a natural spectroscopic probe found in beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.). The betalain dyestuff was immobilized within the nanofibrous membrane using a mordant (potassium aluminum sulfate), resulting in mordant/betalain (M/BLN) coordinated complex nanoparticles. Using transmission electron microscopic (TEM) images, the diameters of M/BLN nanoparticles were monitored in the range 6–22 nm. Exposure to ammonia caused a rapid colorimetric change in the betalain-containing membrane from red to yellow, which was proved by using absorbance spectra and the CIE Lab colorimetric parameters. This color change is attributed to an intramolecular charge delocalization on the BLN molecule. Ammonia caused a hypsochromic behavior in the absorbance spectra from 601 nm to 426 nm, designating an isosbestic wavelength of 491 nm. The poly(lactic acid)-co-polycaprolactone membrane has shown a detection limit of 1-250 ppm NH3.

Graphical abstract