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<p> The fabrication of a novel electrochemical sensor for the sensitive and selective detection of glyphosate is reported. It is based on a palladium-doped, citrate-functionalized hydroxyapatite composite (0.5 wt% Pd–wCitHAP), where w represents the molar ratio n<sub>citric</sub>/n<sub>Ca²⁺</sub> (0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6). The multifunctional composite presents a high surface area associated with the biocompatibility of hydroxyapatite, the chelating properties of citrate, and the electrocatalytic activity of palladium nanoparticles, resulting in a synergistic sensing platform. The modified glassy carbon electrode (0.48Pd-0.6CitHAP/GCE) exhibited a wide linear response range from 0.045 µM to 10 µM with a detection limit of 0.045 µM (S/<i>N</i> = 3). The sensor also demonstrated high selectivity against common interfering species, excellent reproducibility (RSD = 2.56%), and long-term stability over 15 days. Practical applicability was validated by successful detection of glyphosate in tap water, rainwater, and agricultural runoff, with recoveries ranging from 95% to 104%. This cost-effective and portable sensor offers a promising alternative to conventional methods for real-time monitoring of glyphosate in environmental matrices.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Ultrasensitive electrochemical detection of glyphosate using a Pd-decorated Cit-HAP hybrid electrode

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月31日

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  • Dorsaf Bouazzi,
  • Jassem Wannassi,
  • Maria Teresa Caccamo,
  • Salvatore Magazù,
  • Nicole Jaffrezic-Renault,
  • Houcine Barhoumi,
  • Bechir Badraoui

摘要

The fabrication of a novel electrochemical sensor for the sensitive and selective detection of glyphosate is reported. It is based on a palladium-doped, citrate-functionalized hydroxyapatite composite (0.5 wt% Pd–wCitHAP), where w represents the molar ratio ncitric/nCa²⁺ (0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6). The multifunctional composite presents a high surface area associated with the biocompatibility of hydroxyapatite, the chelating properties of citrate, and the electrocatalytic activity of palladium nanoparticles, resulting in a synergistic sensing platform. The modified glassy carbon electrode (0.48Pd-0.6CitHAP/GCE) exhibited a wide linear response range from 0.045 µM to 10 µM with a detection limit of 0.045 µM (S/N = 3). The sensor also demonstrated high selectivity against common interfering species, excellent reproducibility (RSD = 2.56%), and long-term stability over 15 days. Practical applicability was validated by successful detection of glyphosate in tap water, rainwater, and agricultural runoff, with recoveries ranging from 95% to 104%. This cost-effective and portable sensor offers a promising alternative to conventional methods for real-time monitoring of glyphosate in environmental matrices.

Graphical abstract