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<p> This study investigates the electrochemical performance of MXene/multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) composite-based sensor and its comparison with MWCNT for the sensitive detection of hydroquinone (HQ) in undiluted water samples. The sensor employs custom-made screen-printed carbon electrodes modified with Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub>x</sub>/MWCNT, allowing for rapid fabrication and integration of the working, reference, and counter electrodes into a compact, portable device. The multilayer MXene provides a large specific surface area, while MWCNT enhances electrical conductivity, enabling clear electrochemical signals even in complex sample matrices. The MWCNT/SPCE and Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub>x</sub>/MWCNT/SPCE sensors demonstrated excellent sensitivity, achieving low detection limits of 0.055&#xa0;µM and 0.261&#xa0;µM, with wide Linear ranges of 3–600&#xa0;µM and 6–900&#xa0;µM, respectively. The sensor demonstrates strong selectivity for HQ with minimal interference from coexisting species and requires little to no sample preparation, offering a feasible approach for real-time environmental monitoring.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Disposable paper-based electrochemical sensor for hydroquinone detection in environmental samples using a MXene-CNT hybrid composite

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月13日

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  • Pramod K. Kalambate,
  • Sharad S. Upadhyay,
  • Shambhavi Singh,
  • Wanida Laiwattanapaisal,
  • Dhanjai

摘要

This study investigates the electrochemical performance of MXene/multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) composite-based sensor and its comparison with MWCNT for the sensitive detection of hydroquinone (HQ) in undiluted water samples. The sensor employs custom-made screen-printed carbon electrodes modified with Ti3C2Tx/MWCNT, allowing for rapid fabrication and integration of the working, reference, and counter electrodes into a compact, portable device. The multilayer MXene provides a large specific surface area, while MWCNT enhances electrical conductivity, enabling clear electrochemical signals even in complex sample matrices. The MWCNT/SPCE and Ti3C2Tx/MWCNT/SPCE sensors demonstrated excellent sensitivity, achieving low detection limits of 0.055 µM and 0.261 µM, with wide Linear ranges of 3–600 µM and 6–900 µM, respectively. The sensor demonstrates strong selectivity for HQ with minimal interference from coexisting species and requires little to no sample preparation, offering a feasible approach for real-time environmental monitoring.

Graphical Abstract