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<p> A&#xa0;gap-tunable Au/Ag cascaded polystyrene (PS) sphere array (Au/Ag CPSA) structure, leveraging the thermal expansion properties of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) for dynamic nanogap modulation to enhance SERS sensitivity&#xa0;is presented. The nanoarray was fabricated using vacuum thermal evaporation coating followed by chemical reduction. Its morphology was characterized via scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), while the electromagnetic field distribution was analyzed using finite difference time domain (FDTD) simulations. Under optimized conditions, the substrate achieved an enhancement factor (EF) of 1.3 × 10⁸ for crystal violet (CV) with a detection limit of 10⁻<sup>10</sup> M, while malachite green (MG) detection reached the ppm level. Furthermore, the dynamic gap modulation strategy significantly improved the adsorption efficiency of bovine serum albumin (BSA), achieving a detection limit of 5&#xa0;ng/mL. The substrate also exhibited a relative standard deviation (RSD) below 10%, indicating excellent uniformity and stability. This work provides novel insights into SERS hotspot regulation and macromolecular detection, demonstrating significant potential for applications in biomedical diagnostics and environmental monitoring.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Dynamic SERS substrate based on Au/Ag cascaded PS sphere arrays for sensitive detection of bovine serum albumin and malachite green

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月13日

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  • Xiaoyu Liu,
  • Li Yuan,
  • Su Wang,
  • Jinghuai Fang

摘要

A gap-tunable Au/Ag cascaded polystyrene (PS) sphere array (Au/Ag CPSA) structure, leveraging the thermal expansion properties of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) for dynamic nanogap modulation to enhance SERS sensitivity is presented. The nanoarray was fabricated using vacuum thermal evaporation coating followed by chemical reduction. Its morphology was characterized via scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), while the electromagnetic field distribution was analyzed using finite difference time domain (FDTD) simulations. Under optimized conditions, the substrate achieved an enhancement factor (EF) of 1.3 × 10⁸ for crystal violet (CV) with a detection limit of 10⁻10 M, while malachite green (MG) detection reached the ppm level. Furthermore, the dynamic gap modulation strategy significantly improved the adsorption efficiency of bovine serum albumin (BSA), achieving a detection limit of 5 ng/mL. The substrate also exhibited a relative standard deviation (RSD) below 10%, indicating excellent uniformity and stability. This work provides novel insights into SERS hotspot regulation and macromolecular detection, demonstrating significant potential for applications in biomedical diagnostics and environmental monitoring.

Graphical Abstract