A covalent organic framework–coated steel substrate as a mass spectrometric ionization source for the effective enrichment and rapid detection of phthalates in beverages
摘要
A novel, rapid, and simple detection method is proposed to realize the simultaneous detection of seven phthalate esters (PAEs) within 1.5 min. A suitable covalent organic framework (COF) was coated on a stainless steel substrate (COFCS) to serve as both an enrichment element and a solid substrate for electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI–MS). Twenty microliters of elution solvent was added dropwise to the COFCS enriched with analytes, and then high voltage electricity was applied and combined with ambient mass spectrometry (AMS) to realize the detection of PAEs. In order to investigate the reliability of the COFCS-ESI–MS method, dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), ethyl phthalate (2-methoxy) (DMEP), phthalate(2-ethoxy) ethyl ester (DEEP), dipentyl phthalate (DPP), dihexyl phthalate (DHXP), and butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP) were detected simultaneously. The proposed method showed good linearity in the range 0.1–80 μg/L with the determination coefficient (R2) > 0.9916. The limits of detection (LODs) and limits of quantification (LOQs) of the determination technology were in the ranges 0.03–0.40 μg/L and 0.1–2.0 μg/L, respectively. The results demonstrated that the simultaneous detection of the seven PAEs in beverages can be realized using the method, and the spiked recoveries were in the range 85.17–104.09% with the relative standard deviations (RSDs) < 8.32%. In addition, the COFCS has good reusability and batch-to-batch repeatability and can be re-used at least 5 times and still maintain good enrichment performance.
Graphical Abstract